Galactorrhea

Galactorrhea
ICD-10	N64.3, O92.6
ICD-9	611.6, 676.6
DiseasesDB	6314
MeSH	D005687

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List of terms related to Galactorrhea

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Galactorrhoea-Hyperprolactinaemia; hyperlactation; hyperprolactinaemia; lactation, increased; galactorrhea-hyperprolactinemia

Overview

Galactorrhea or galactorrhoea is the spontaneous flow of milk from the breast, unassociated with childbirth or nursing. Contemporary Maternal-Newborn Nursing Care defines galactorrhea as "nipple discharge."

Causes

Common Causes

• Ahumada-del castillo syndrome
• Domperidone
• Fluoxetine
• Hypothyroidism
• Meningoencephalitis
• Methyldopa
• Metoclopramide
• Prolactinomas
• Verapamil

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Chemical/Poisoning	Licorice
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Shingles
Drug Side Effect	Alimemazine, Amisulpride, Amoxapine, Antihypertensive medication, Antipsychotics, Birth control , Chlorpromazine, Cimetidine, Deserpidine, Domperidone, Dutetrabenazine, Ethinylestradiol, Fluoxetine, Flupentixol, Haloperidol, Levomepromazine, Loxapine , Methyldopa, Methyldopate, Metoclopramide, Olanzapine, Oral contraceptives, Paliperidone, Paroxetine , Perazine, Phenothiazines, Pimozide, Pipothiazine, Reserpine, Risperidone, Tetrabenazine, Trifluperidol, Verapamil, Zotepine
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Anterior pituitary hyperhormonotrophic syndrome , Cushing disease, Excessive prolactin , Forbes-albright syndrome , Hyperoestrogenic states, Hypothyroidism, Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Pineal tumour, Pituitary adenomas, Pituitary cancer
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Shingles
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Craniopharyngiomas, Intracranial space-occupying lesion, Meningoencephalitis
Nutritional/Metabolic	Insulin receptor defect with insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Ahumada-del castillo syndrome , Breast feeding, Breast stimulation, Chest wall stimulation, Chiari-frommel syndrome , Excessive prolactin , Metastatic breast carcinoma, Nipple stimulation, Pregnancy, Prolactin overproduction, Prolactinomas
Oncologic	Craniopharyngiomas, Forbes-albright syndrome , Metastatic breast carcinoma, Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Neoplasm, Pineal tumour, Pituitary adenomas, Pituitary cancer , Prolactinomas
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	Opiates, Opioids
Psychiatric	Stress
Pulmonary	Sarcoidosis
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Sarcoidosis
Sexual	Nipple stimulation, Sexual intercourse
Trauma	Head trauma, Physical exertion
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Ahumada-del castillo syndrome 
• Alimemazine
• Amisulpride
• Amoxapine
• Anterior pituitary hyperhormonotrophic syndrome 
• Antihypertensive medication
• Antipsychotics
• Birth control
• Breast feeding
• Breast stimulation
• Chest wall stimulation
• Chiari-frommel syndrome 
• Chlorpromazine
• Cimetidine
• Craniopharyngiomas
• Cushing disease
• Deserpidine
• Domperidone
• Dutetrabenazine
• Ethinylestradiol
• Excessive prolactin
• Fluoxetine
• Flupentixol
• Forbes-albright syndrome 
• Haloperidol
• Head trauma
• Hyperoestrogenic states
• Hypothyroidism
• Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
• Insulin receptor defect with insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus
• Intracranial space-occupying lesion
• Levomepromazine
• Licorice
• Loxapine
• Meningoencephalitis
• Metastatic breast carcinoma
• Methyldopa
• Methyldopate
• Metoclopramide
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
• Neoplasm
• Nipple stimulation
• Olanzapine
• Opiates
• Opioids
• Oral contraceptives
• Paliperidone
• Paroxetine 
• Perazine
• Phenothiazines
• Physical exertion
• Pimozide
• Pineal tumour
• Pipothiazine
• Pituitary adenomas
• Pituitary cancer 
• Pregnancy
• Prolactin overproduction
• Prolactinomas
• Reserpine
• Risperidone
• Sarcoidosis
• Sexual intercourse
• Shingles
• Stress
• Tetrabenazine
• Trifluperidol
• Verapamil
• Zotepine

Differentiating Galactorrhea from other Diseases

In alphabetical order.

• Drugs- Estropipate, Haloperidol,Iloperidone, Trifluoperazine
• Fibrocystic Disease
• Hyperprolactinemia
• Idiopathic (with menses)
• Inflammation
• Intraductal papilloma
• Malignant neoplasm
• Oral contraceptives
• Recently preceded pregnancy
• Trauma