Dacarbazine
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| Image:Dacarbazine structure.png | |
| Dacarbazine
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 5-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-triazenyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | L01 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C6H10N6O |
| Mol. mass | 182.18 |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 5 hours |
| Excretion | 40% renal (unchanged) |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
C |
| Legal status |
℞ Prescription only |
| Routes | IV |
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Overview
Dacarbazine (da-KAR-ba-zeen) (brand names DTIC, DTIC-Dome; also known as DIC or Imidazole Carboxamide) is an antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of various cancers, among them malignant melanoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Antineoplastic drugs are drugs which interfere with cell growth and impede the formation of new tissue - in this case, tumor tissue. These drugs are also known as cytotoxic drugs. Dacarbazine belongs to the family of chemicals known as alkylating agents. Dacarbazine is normally administered by injection (a shot) or intravenous infusion (IV) under the immediate supervision of a doctor or nurse.
History
- See also: History of cancer chemotherapy
Dacarbazine gained FDA approval in May 1975 as DTIC-Dome. The drug was initially marketed by Bayer.
Side effects
Like many chemotherapy drugs, dacarbazine may have numerous serious side effects, because it interferes with normal cell growth as well as cancer cell growth. Among the most serious possible side effects are birth defects to children conceived or carried during treatment; sterility, possibly permanent; or immune suppression (reduced ability to fight infection or disease). Like most powerful drugs, it may produce more common side effects like nausea, fatigue, headache, etc.
Common uses
As of mid-2006, dacarbazine is commonly used as a single agent in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, and as part of the ABVD chemotherapy regimen to treat Hodgkin lymphoma.
Experimental
Dacarbazine + Oblimersen. In clinical trials for malignant melanoma.
Suppliers
Bayer continues to supply DTIC-Dome. There are also generic versions of dacarbazine available from APP, Bedford, Mayne Pharma and Sicor (Teva).
See also
Sources
- MedLine, U.S. National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medline/
- Cancerweb, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cancerweb/
- OncoLink, http://oncolink.upenn.edu/
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
