Vaginal cancer natural history: Difference between revisions
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=== Complications === | === Complications === | ||
* | |||
* [[ | *Surgery related | ||
* [[ | ** Infection | ||
* [[ | ** [[VTE]] | ||
* | * [[Haemorrhage]] | ||
* [[Vesicovaginal fistula]] | |||
* Bladder dysfunction | |||
* [[Fever]] | * [[Fever]] | ||
* lymphocyst formation | |||
* Short Vagina | |||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
Revision as of 11:30, 23 January 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Depending on the extent of the tumor at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis of vaginal cancer may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as good.
Natural History
- Vaginal bleeding is the most common clinical presentation of vaginal cancer. Many women are asymptomatic.
- Vaginal bleeding associated with vaginal cancer is typically postcoital or postmenopausal.
- A watery, blood-tinged, or malodorous vaginal discharge may also be present[1].
- A vaginal mass may also be noted by the patient.
- Symptoms are related to local extension of disease, urinary symptoms (eg, frequency, dysuria, hematuria), or gastrointestinal complaints (eg, tenesmus, constipation, melena)[2].
- Pelvic pain from extension of disease beyond the vagina is present in 5 percent of patients.
- 20 percent of women are asymptomatic at time of diagnosis [17-19].
- These vaginal cancers may be detected as a result of cytologic screening for cervical cancer or may be an incidental finding of a vaginal mass on pelvic examination.
Complications
- Surgery related
- Infection
- VTE
- Haemorrhage
- Vesicovaginal fistula
- Bladder dysfunction
- Fever
- lymphocyst formation
- Short Vagina
Prognosis
- Patient prognosis depends primarily on the stage of disease, but survival is reduced among those who are older than 60 years, are symptomatic at the time of diagnosis, have lesions of the middle and lower third of the vagina, or have poorly differentiated tumors.
- In addition, the length of vaginal wall involvement has been found to be associated with survival and stage of disease in vaginal Squamous cell cancer(SCC) patients.
- Non–DES-associated adenocarcinomas generally have a worse prognosis than Squamous cell cancer(SCC) tumors, but DES-associated clear cell tumors have a relatively good prognosis.
References
- ↑ Choo YC, Anderson DG (August 1982). "Neoplasms of the vagina following cervical carcinoma". Gynecol. Oncol. 14 (1): 125–32. PMID 7095583.
- ↑ Herbst AL, Ulfelder H, Poskanzer DC (April 1971). "Adenocarcinoma of the vagina. Association of maternal stilbestrol therapy with tumor appearance in young women". N. Engl. J. Med. 284 (15): 878–81. doi:10.1056/NEJM197104222841604. PMID 5549830.