Tuberculosis echocardiography or ultrasound: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 19:02, 18 September 2017
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Tuberculosis echocardiography or ultrasound On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Tuberculosis echocardiography or ultrasound |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Tuberculosis echocardiography or ultrasound |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]
Overview
Echocardiography or Ultrasound can be helpful in patients who develop pericardial effusion secondary to TB.[1] In rare occasions TB may lead to congestive heart failure, in which case echocardiograph may also help in the diagnosis. Common findings in CHF on the echocardiogram include: hypokinesia; valvular insufficiency; and enlargement of all heart chambers.
Echocardiography
- Tuberculosis involves the heart in 1-2% of the cases, and the pericardium is its the most commonly affected structure.[2][3] Patients with HIV have a high susceptibility for extra pulmonary tuberculosis including tuberculous pericarditis. Echocardiography is a good tool in diagnosing this extra pulmonary manifestation.
- The common findings in echocardiography include:[4]
- Pericardial thickening
- Pericardial effusion classified as mild, moderate and severe
- Exudative deposits with echo dense mass around epicardium
- Fibrin strands from pericardium protruding or crossing the pericardial space
- Although rare, the myocardium may also be involved in TB and should be suspected in patients with congestive heart failure and clinical features suggestive of TB.
- Echocardiographic findings may include:[5][6]
- Hypokinesia
- Enlargement of all heart chambers
- Mitral regurgitation
- Tricuspid regurgitation
- Left ventricular systolic dysfunction
References
- ↑ Kil UH, Jung HO, Koh YS, Park HJ, Park CS, Kim PJ; et al. (2008). "Prognosis of large, symptomatic pericardial effusion treated by echo-guided percutaneous pericardiocentesis". Clin Cardiol. 31 (11): 531–7. doi:10.1002/clc.20305. PMID 19006110.
- ↑ Custer, Edward W.; Charr, Robert (1939). "TUBERCULOSIS OF THE MYOCARDIUM". Journal of the American Medical Association. 112 (14): 1333. doi:10.1001/jama.1939.62800140003009a. ISSN 0002-9955.
- ↑ Fowler, Noble O. (1991). "Tuberculous Pericarditis". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 266 (1): 99. doi:10.1001/jama.1991.03470010103039. ISSN 0098-7484.
- ↑ George S, Salama AL, Uthaman B, Cherian G (2004). "Echocardiography in differentiating tuberculous from chronic idiopathic pericardial effusion". Heart. 90 (11): 1338–9. doi:10.1136/hrt.2003.020081. PMC 1768544. PMID 15486140.
- ↑ Bali HK, Wahi S, Sharma BK, Anand IS, Datta BN, Wahi PL (1990). "Myocardial tuberculosis presenting as restrictive cardiomyopathy". Am Heart J. 120 (3): 703–6. PMID 2389712.
- ↑ Agarwal R, Malhotra P, Awasthi A, Kakkar N, Gupta D (2005). "Tuberculous dilated cardiomyopathy: an under-recognized entity?". BMC Infect Dis. 5: 29. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-5-29. PMC 1090580. PMID 15857515.