Retinoblastoma MRI: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Retinoblastoma''' is a [[cancer]] of the [[retina]].  Development of this tumor is initiated by [[mutation]]s<ref>{{cite journal |author=Knudson A |title=Mutation and cancer: statistical study of retinoblastoma |journal=Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=820-3 |year=1971 |pmid=5279gadgqetqer523}}</ref> that inactivate both copies of the ''[[RB1]]'' gene, which codes for the [[retinoblastoma protein]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Friend S, Bernards R, Rogelj S, Weinberg R, Rapaport J, Albert D, Dryja T |title=A human DNA segment with properties of the gene that predisposes to retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma |journal=Nature |volume=323 |issue=6089 |pages=643-6 |year= |pmid=2877398}}</ref>
[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] findings of retinoblastoma include hyperintense [[mass]] on T1-weighted [[MRI]] and hypointense [[mass]] on T2-weighted [[MRI]].
==MRI==
==MRI==
:*Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): An MRI uses magnetic fields but it is a different type of image than what is produced by computed tomography (CT) and produces detailed images of the body. Like computed tomography (CT), a contrast agent may be injected into a patient’s vein to create a better picture.
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI imaging study]] of retinoblastoma was first introduced in1980.<ref name="Schueler2003">{{cite journal|last1=Schueler|first1=A O|title=High resolution magnetic resonance imaging of retinoblastoma|journal=British Journal of Ophthalmology|volume=87|issue=3|year=2003|pages=330–335|issn=00071161|doi=10.1136/bjo.87.3.330}}</ref>
*[[MRI]] is [[Accuracy|accurate]] for [[tumor]] [[Cancer staging|staging]] and evaluation of [[metastatic]] [[risk factors]].<ref name="de GraafBarkhof2005">{{cite journal|last1=de Graaf|first1=Pim|last2=Barkhof|first2=Frederik|last3=Moll|first3=Annette C.|last4=Imhof|first4=Saskia M.|last5=Knol|first5=Dirk L.|last6=van der Valk|first6=Paul|last7=Castelijns|first7=Jonas A.|title=Retinoblastoma: MR Imaging Parameters in Detection of Tumor Extent|journal=Radiology|volume=235|issue=1|year=2005|pages=197–207|issn=0033-8419|doi=10.1148/radiol.2351031301}}</ref>
*It is also used as an additional [[diagnostic]] tool in suspected retinoblastoma cases.<ref name="pmid22988349">{{cite journal |vauthors=Meel R, Radhakrishnan V, Bakhshi S |title=Current therapy and recent advances in the management of retinoblastoma |journal=Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=80–8 |date=April 2012 |pmid=22988349 |pmc=3439795 |doi=10.4103/0971-5851.99731 |url=}}</ref>
*[[MRI|MRI's]] [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] value in the [[diagnosis]] of advanced retinoblastoma is greater than [[CT scan]].<ref name="de Jongde Graaf2014">{{cite journal|last1=de Jong|first1=Marcus C.|last2=de Graaf|first2=Pim|last3=Noij|first3=Daniel P.|last4=Göricke|first4=Sophia|last5=Maeder|first5=Philippe|last6=Galluzzi|first6=Paolo|last7=Brisse|first7=Hervé J.|last8=Moll|first8=Annette C.|last9=Castelijns|first9=Jonas A.|title=Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography for Advanced Retinoblastoma|journal=Ophthalmology|volume=121|issue=5|year=2014|pages=1109–1118|issn=01616420|doi=10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.11.021}}</ref>
*[[MRI]] findings [[diagnostic]] of retinoblastoma are:
**'''On T1 image:''' Hyperintense [[mass]] compared to [[vitreous body]]
**'''On T2 image:''' Hypointense [[mass]] compared to [[vitreous body]]
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] can differentiate the [[tumor]] with secondary [[retinal detachment]] from other [[causes]] of subretinal effusion or [[Retinal detachment|detachment]], such as [[Coats disease|Coats' disease]], primary hyperplastic [[vitreous]], and [[retinopathy of prematurity]].
*Also, some experts argue that [[CT-scans|CT imaging studies]] in [[bilateral]] retinoblastoma will increase the risk of future [[malignancies]]. [[MRI]] is not associated with such risk.
*[[MRI]] is also the study of choice to rule out extra-[[ocular]] extension of the [[tumor]].<ref name="pmid22988349">{{cite journal |vauthors=Meel R, Radhakrishnan V, Bakhshi S |title=Current therapy and recent advances in the management of retinoblastoma |journal=Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=80–8 |date=April 2012 |pmid=22988349 |doi=10.4103/0971-5851.99731 |url=}}</ref>
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|[[image:Retinoblastoma-edited.jpg|thumb|400px|T2 image, Case courtesy of Dr Jeremy Jones, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 22114]]
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|[[image:Retinoblastoma-5 edited.jpg|thumb|400px|T1 image, Case courtesy of Dr Jeremy Jones, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 22114]]
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==References==
==References==
<references/>
{{reflist|2}}


==See also==
[[Category:Medicine]]
*[[Eye cancer]]
*[[Eye examination]]
 
 
{{Nervous tissue tumors}}
 
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:hereditary cancers]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology stub]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 
[[Category:Surgery]]
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Latest revision as of 23:59, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[2] Simrat Sarai, M.D. [3]

Overview

MRI findings of retinoblastoma include hyperintense mass on T1-weighted MRI and hypointense mass on T2-weighted MRI.

MRI

T2 image, Case courtesy of Dr Jeremy Jones, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 22114


T1 image, Case courtesy of Dr Jeremy Jones, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 22114


References

  1. Schueler, A O (2003). "High resolution magnetic resonance imaging of retinoblastoma". British Journal of Ophthalmology. 87 (3): 330–335. doi:10.1136/bjo.87.3.330. ISSN 0007-1161.
  2. de Graaf, Pim; Barkhof, Frederik; Moll, Annette C.; Imhof, Saskia M.; Knol, Dirk L.; van der Valk, Paul; Castelijns, Jonas A. (2005). "Retinoblastoma: MR Imaging Parameters in Detection of Tumor Extent". Radiology. 235 (1): 197–207. doi:10.1148/radiol.2351031301. ISSN 0033-8419.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Meel R, Radhakrishnan V, Bakhshi S (April 2012). "Current therapy and recent advances in the management of retinoblastoma". Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 33 (2): 80–8. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.99731. PMC 3439795. PMID 22988349.
  4. de Jong, Marcus C.; de Graaf, Pim; Noij, Daniel P.; Göricke, Sophia; Maeder, Philippe; Galluzzi, Paolo; Brisse, Hervé J.; Moll, Annette C.; Castelijns, Jonas A. (2014). "Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography for Advanced Retinoblastoma". Ophthalmology. 121 (5): 1109–1118. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.11.021. ISSN 0161-6420.