Pharyngitis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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=== Infectious Mononucleosis(IM) === | |||
After a prodromal period of chills, sweats, feverishness, and malaise, the [[Mononucleosis|IM]] presents with the classic triad of severe sore throat, fever (a temperature as high as 38°C to 40°C), and lymphadenopathy.<ref name="pmid11172144">Bisno AL (2001) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11172144 Acute pharyngitis.] ''N Engl J Med'' 344 (3):205-11. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200101183440308 DOI:10.1056/NEJM200101183440308] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/11172144 11172144]</ref> | |||
Children with viral pharyngitis also can present with atypical symptoms, such as mouth-breathing, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. If Infectious mononucleosis patients are treated with amoxicillin or ampicillin, 90 percent will develop a classic maculopapular rash.<ref name="pmid15053411" /><br> | Children with viral pharyngitis also can present with atypical symptoms, such as mouth-breathing, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. If Infectious mononucleosis patients are treated with amoxicillin or ampicillin, 90 percent will develop a classic maculopapular rash.<ref name="pmid15053411" /><br> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Pharyngitis is a very common inflammatory condition of the pharynx accompanied by a sore throat and occasionally difficulty in swallowing.[1] When a patient presents with sore throat, the physician must consider a wide range of illnesses. Infectious causes range from generally benign viruses to GABHS. Inflammatory presentations may be the result of allergy, reflux disease or, rarely, neoplasm or Kawasaki disease. The optimal approach for differentiating among various causes of pharyngitis requires a problem focused history, a physical examination, and appropriate laboratory testing.[2]
Symptoms
The main symptom is a sore throat. Other symptoms may include:
Viral Pharyngitis[2]
- Coryza
- Conjunctivitis
- Malaise or fatigue
- Hoarseness
- Lowgrade fever
Infectious Mononucleosis(IM)
After a prodromal period of chills, sweats, feverishness, and malaise, the IM presents with the classic triad of severe sore throat, fever (a temperature as high as 38°C to 40°C), and lymphadenopathy.[3]
Children with viral pharyngitis also can present with atypical symptoms, such as mouth-breathing, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. If Infectious mononucleosis patients are treated with amoxicillin or ampicillin, 90 percent will develop a classic maculopapular rash.[2]
Bacterial Pharyngitis
Patients with bacterial pharyngitis generally do not have rhinorrhea, cough, or conjunctivitis. The incidence of bacterial pharyngitis is increased in temperate climates during winter and early spring.[2]
GABHS Infection
Symptoms of strep throat may include pharyngeal erythema and swelling, tonsillar exudate, edematous uvula, palatine petechiae, and anterior cervical lymphadenopathy.[2]
| Streptococcal Pharyngitis[3] | |
|---|---|
| Characterestic symptoms | Uncharacterestic symptoms |
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Diphtheria
Characterized by sore throat, low-grade fever, and an adherent grayish membrane with surrounding inflammation of the tonsils, pharynx, or nasal passages.[2]
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is usually asymptomatic, clinically apparent pharyngitis sometimes develops, and pharyngeal colonization may be associated with disseminated disease. Gonococcal pharyngitis should be suspected, particularly in women and homosexual men.
References
- ↑ Cohen, J (2010). Infectious diseases. Edinburgh: Mosby/Elsevier. ISBN 978-0323045797.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Vincent MT, Celestin N, Hussain AN (2004) Pharyngitis. Am Fam Physician 69 (6):1465-70. PMID: 15053411
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bisno AL (2001) Acute pharyngitis. N Engl J Med 344 (3):205-11. DOI:10.1056/NEJM200101183440308 PMID: 11172144