Pancreatic cancer causes: Difference between revisions
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
*Pancreatic cancer may be caused by the following: | *Pancreatic cancer may be caused by the following: | ||
**Inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumor suppressor genes]] | **'''Inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumor suppressor genes]]''' | ||
**Activation of [[Oncogene|oncogenes]] | **'''Activation of [[Oncogene|oncogenes]]''' | ||
**Deregulation of molecules in various [[Signal transduction|signaling pathways]] | **'''Deregulation of molecules in various [[Signal transduction|signaling pathways]]''' | ||
*'''Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes:''' | *'''Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes:''' | ||
**[[Tumor suppressor gene|Tumor suppressor genes]] may be inactivated by: | **[[Tumor suppressor gene|Tumor suppressor genes]] may be inactivated by: | ||
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***[[Methylation|Hypermethylation]] | ***[[Methylation|Hypermethylation]] | ||
***[[Deletion (genetics)|Deletion]] | ***[[Deletion (genetics)|Deletion]] | ||
** | **Tumor suppressor genes: | ||
*** | ***p53 | ||
*** | ***p16 | ||
*** | ***p27CIP1 | ||
*** | ***BRCA2 | ||
*Activation of [[Oncogene|oncogenes]] | *'''Activation of [[Oncogene|oncogenes]]''' | ||
**Oncogenes may be activated by: | **Oncogenes may be activated by: | ||
***[[Amplification]] | ***[[Amplification]] | ||
***[[Point mutation]] | ***[[Point mutation]] | ||
** | **[[Oncogenes]]: | ||
*** | ***Ras oncogene | ||
*** | ***Cox-2 activation | ||
*** | ***Akt-2 gene amplification | ||
*** | ***Notch gene | ||
*** | ***Cyclin D1 | ||
*Deregulation of molecules in various [[Signal transduction|signaling pathways]] | *'''Deregulation of molecules in various [[Signal transduction|signaling pathways]]''' | ||
**Genomic alterations of [[EGFR]] include the following: | **Genomic alterations of [[EGFR]] include the following: | ||
***[[Deletion (genetics)|Deletion]] | ***[[Deletion (genetics)|Deletion]] | ||
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***Rearrangement | ***Rearrangement | ||
***[[Mutation]] | ***[[Mutation]] | ||
** | **Deregulation of NF-κB signalling: | ||
** | **Deregulation of Akt signaling | ||
** | **Deregulation of Hedgehog signaling | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 21:25, 14 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Causes
- Pancreatic cancer may be caused by the following:
- Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes
- Activation of oncogenes
- Deregulation of molecules in various signaling pathways
- Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes:
- Tumor suppressor genes may be inactivated by:
- Tumor suppressor genes:
- p53
- p16
- p27CIP1
- BRCA2
- Activation of oncogenes
- Oncogenes may be activated by:
- Oncogenes:
- Ras oncogene
- Cox-2 activation
- Akt-2 gene amplification
- Notch gene
- Cyclin D1
- Deregulation of molecules in various signaling pathways