Increased bowel sounds

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Increased bowel sounds

Increased Bowel Sounds Microchapters

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Patient Information

Overview

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Increased Bowel Sounds from other Conditions

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapies

Future or Investigational Therapies

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]


Differential Diagnosis

In alphabetical order. [1] [2]

History and Symptoms

  • Complete history is critical

Physical Examination

  • Complete physical including rectal exam
    • Vitals (for dehydration and fever)
    • Sounds ascultated before palpation

Abdomen

  • Exam should include hernia orifices and signs of incarceration and strangulation

Laboratory Findings

Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies

X-Ray

  • X-rays (flat and upright) are useful for urinalysis

MRI and CT

  • Etiology is demonstrated best by abdominal CT scan

Other Diagnostic Studies

  • Enteroclysis helps to determine degree of obstruction

Treatment

  • Volume replacement of electrolytes and fluids
  • No oral intake (partial obstructions)
  • IV fluids (partial obstructions)
  • Nasogastric decompression for partial bowel obstructions

Surgery and Device Based Therapy

References

  1. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
  2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X


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