Hypersensitivity pneumonitis natural history: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
m (Template)
No edit summary
 
(8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Hypersensitivity pneumonitis}}
{{Hypersensitivity pneumonitis}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{SSW}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Most patients experience total recovery of lung function, if exposure to the agent that caused the problem is avoided or limited the exposure, but this takes several years.
If left untreated, patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis may progress to develop flu like syndrome, [[cough]], [[fatigue]] and [[malaise]].Common complications of hypersensitivity pneumonitis include deterioration of lung function, [[hypoxemia]], [[pulmonary hypertension]] and [[Congestive heart failure|heart failure]]. [[Prognosis]] of hypersensitivity pneumonitis is generally excellent, and total lung recovery occurs in most cases but may take several years.  


==Natural History==
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis==


=== Natural History ===
* The symptoms of hypersensitivity pneumonitis usually develop in within hours if significant exposure occurs.
* If the exposure to antigen is removed then the symptoms resolve within hours to days. 
* If left untreated, patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis may progress to develop flu like syndrome, [[cough]], [[fatigue]] and [[malaise]].


==Complications==
=== Complications ===
The chronic form of this disease may lead to pulmonary fibrosis (a scarring of the lung tissue that often is not reversible).
* Common complications of hypersensitivity pneumonitis include:
** Deterioration in lung function
*** This occurs due to severe fibrosis.
*** Lungs are unable to oxygenate blood properly during normal breathing.
** [[Hypoxemia]]<ref name="pmid4402194">{{cite journal |vauthors=Conca G |title=[Prevention of male sterility in childhood] |language=Italian |journal=Minerva Med. |volume=63 |issue=41 |pages=2368–9 |date=May 1972 |pmid=4402194 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** [[Pulmonary hypertension]].<ref name="pmid25082906">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nathan SD |title=Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pulmonary hypertension: how the breeze affects the squeeze |journal=Eur. Respir. J. |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=287–8 |date=August 2014 |pmid=25082906 |doi=10.1183/09031936.00061214 |url=}}</ref>
*** [[Pulmonary hypertension]] occurs due to damage to blood vessels in the lung.
** Heart failure.  


==Prognosis
=== Prognosis ===
* In general, the majority of patients recover completely after the inciting exposure ceases.  
* Prognosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis is generally excellent.
 
* Total lung recovery occurs in most cases but may take several years.<ref name="pmid20120765">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang P, Xu ZJ, Xu WB, Shi JH, Tian XL, Feng RE, Zhu YJ |title=Clinical features and prognosis in 21 patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis |journal=Chin. Med. Sci. J. |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=202–7 |date=December 2009 |pmid=20120765 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* The prognosis of Bird Fancier's Disease is worse than Farmer's Lung.  
* Surgical lung biopsy can be done to check for fibrosis which is an indicator of poor prognosis.<ref name="pmid17641377">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sahin H, Brown KK, Curran-Everett D, Hale V, Cool CD, Vourlekis JS, Lynch DA |title=Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: CT features comparison with pathologic evidence of fibrosis and survival |journal=Radiology |volume=244 |issue=2 |pages=591–8 |date=August 2007 |pmid=17641377 |doi=10.1148/radiol.2442060640 |url=}}</ref>
 
* Prediction of [[prognosis]] can be done using high resolution CT scan.<ref name="pmid18403660">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hanak V, Golbin JM, Hartman TE, Ryu JH |title=High-resolution CT findings of parenchymal fibrosis correlate with prognosis in hypersensitivity pneumonitis |journal=Chest |volume=134 |issue=1 |pages=133–8 |date=July 2008 |pmid=18403660 |doi=10.1378/chest.07-3005 |url=}}</ref>
* Other varieties of HP have more variable outcomes.
* A study done among old patients suffering from hypersensitivity pneumonitis with no signs of air trapping on CT scan but desaturation with exercise showed poor survival rates.<ref name="pmid19179061">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lima MS, Coletta EN, Ferreira RG, Jasinowodolinski D, Arakaki JS, Rodrigues SC, Rocha NA, Pereira CA |title=Subacute and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: histopathological patterns and survival |journal=Respir Med |volume=103 |issue=4 |pages=508–15 |date=April 2009 |pmid=19179061 |doi=10.1016/j.rmed.2008.12.016 |url=}}</ref> 


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 08:38, 28 March 2018

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hypersensitivity pneumonitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications & Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis natural history On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypersensitivity pneumonitis natural history

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Hypersensitivity pneumonitis natural history

CDC on Hypersensitivity pneumonitis natural history

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis natural history in the news

Blogs on Hypersensitivity pneumonitis natural history

Directions to Hospitals Treating Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypersensitivity pneumonitis natural history

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sargun Singh Walia M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

If left untreated, patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis may progress to develop flu like syndrome, cough, fatigue and malaise.Common complications of hypersensitivity pneumonitis include deterioration of lung function, hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension and heart failure. Prognosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis is generally excellent, and total lung recovery occurs in most cases but may take several years.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

  • The symptoms of hypersensitivity pneumonitis usually develop in within hours if significant exposure occurs.
  • If the exposure to antigen is removed then the symptoms resolve within hours to days.
  • If left untreated, patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis may progress to develop flu like syndrome, cough, fatigue and malaise.

Complications

  • Common complications of hypersensitivity pneumonitis include:

Prognosis

  • Prognosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis is generally excellent.
  • Total lung recovery occurs in most cases but may take several years.[3]
  • Surgical lung biopsy can be done to check for fibrosis which is an indicator of poor prognosis.[4]
  • Prediction of prognosis can be done using high resolution CT scan.[5]
  • A study done among old patients suffering from hypersensitivity pneumonitis with no signs of air trapping on CT scan but desaturation with exercise showed poor survival rates.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Conca G (May 1972). "[Prevention of male sterility in childhood]". Minerva Med. (in Italian). 63 (41): 2368–9. PMID 4402194.
  2. ↑ Nathan SD (August 2014). "Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pulmonary hypertension: how the breeze affects the squeeze". Eur. Respir. J. 44 (2): 287–8. doi:10.1183/09031936.00061214. PMID 25082906.
  3. ↑ Wang P, Xu ZJ, Xu WB, Shi JH, Tian XL, Feng RE, Zhu YJ (December 2009). "Clinical features and prognosis in 21 patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis". Chin. Med. Sci. J. 24 (4): 202–7. PMID 20120765.
  4. ↑ Sahin H, Brown KK, Curran-Everett D, Hale V, Cool CD, Vourlekis JS, Lynch DA (August 2007). "Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: CT features comparison with pathologic evidence of fibrosis and survival". Radiology. 244 (2): 591–8. doi:10.1148/radiol.2442060640. PMID 17641377.
  5. ↑ Hanak V, Golbin JM, Hartman TE, Ryu JH (July 2008). "High-resolution CT findings of parenchymal fibrosis correlate with prognosis in hypersensitivity pneumonitis". Chest. 134 (1): 133–8. doi:10.1378/chest.07-3005. PMID 18403660.
  6. ↑ Lima MS, Coletta EN, Ferreira RG, Jasinowodolinski D, Arakaki JS, Rodrigues SC, Rocha NA, Pereira CA (April 2009). "Subacute and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: histopathological patterns and survival". Respir Med. 103 (4): 508–15. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2008.12.016. PMID 19179061.

Template:WH Template:WS

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Hypersensitivity_pneumonitis_natural_history&oldid=1457127"