Hepatitis D pathophysiology
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Hepatitis D |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Pathophysiology
Transmission
The routes of transmission of hepatitis D are similar to those for hepatitis B. Infection is largely restricted to persons at high risk of hepatitis B infection, particularly injecting drug users and persons receiving clotting factor concentrates. Worldwide more than 15 million people are co-infected. HDV is rare in most developed countries, and is mostly associated with intravenous drug use. However, HDV is much more common in the immediate Mediterranean region, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and the northern part of South America.[1] In all, about 20 million people may be infected with HDV.[2]
Hepatitis D is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV), a defective virus that needs the hepatitis B virus to exist. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is found in the blood of persons infected with the virus.
- Occurs when blood from an infected person enters the body of a person who is not immune.
- HBV is spread through having sex with an infected person without using a condom (the efficacy of latex condoms in preventing infection with HBV is unknown, but their proper use may reduce transmission);
- By sharing drugs, needles, or "works" when "shooting" drugs;
- Through needlesticks or sharps exposures on the job; or
- From an infected mother to her baby during birth.[2] [3]
Histopathological Findings
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References
- ↑ Radjef N; Gordien E; Ivaniushina V; et al. (2004). "Molecular Phylogenetic Analyses Indicate a Wide and Ancient Radiation of African Hepatitis Delta Virus, Suggesting a Deltavirus Genus of at Least Seven Major Clades". J. Virol. 78 (5): 2537–44. doi:10.1128/JVI.78.5.2537-2544.2004. PMC 369207. PMID 14963156. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|author-separator=ignored (help) - ↑ Taylor JM (2006). "Hepatitis delta virus". Virology. 344 (1): 71–6. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2005.09.033. PMID 16364738. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)