Gout risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Gout is a | Gout is a disease related to joints that usually develops in patients with high levels of uric acid. The uric acid precipitates as needle-like crystals in the tissues mainly in the joints and other articular tissues resulting in sudden severe episodic pain, redness. warmth and swelling. There are a number of factors that can lead to the development of gout. Gout is seen in about 4% of people in America. It is more common in men than in women with a ratio of nearly 3:1. There are numerous risk factors for the development of out and can increase the chances of the patient developing a painful joint diasease. | ||
'''Genes''' | |||
The studies conducted at MRC Human Genetic units proved that the patients who suffer from usually have a pao=sitrive history of gout. And in these patients, the most important factor noted is the presence of a gene variant that is linked to the low levels of uric acid excretion. | |||
'''Gender and Age''' | |||
Gout predominance is seen most commonly in men. The theory proposed by a various scientist is that the higher levels of estrogens in females play a protective role during their reproductive age group period and usually increases after the occurrence of menopause in females and matches the risk equivalent to men's for that age group. | |||
'''Diet''' | |||
Diets such as Seafood consumption or consumption of a diet rich in fructose beverages have been found to be linked to the higher levels of uric acid and in turn, leading to the development of gout. The higher purine content in the seafood gets broken down to uric acid and in turn, leads to the production of gout. | |||
'''Obesity''' | |||
Uric acid excretion is thought to be dependent on the body surface area also. so In an obese person, the body is more likely to produce more uc=ric acid and it can get worse if the pay=tiebt also has underlying renal abnormality present along with it. | |||
'''Alcohol Consumption''' | |||
Alcoholic drinks especially beer are high in purine content and thus contribute the greatest to the development of gout. Even the quantity of alcohol intake also plays a huge in the development of gout. More than 2 drinks a day is also a risk factor for the development of gout. So it is always advisable to cut down the alcohol drinking to the minimal and best is to stop it completely, if possible. | |||
'''Medical Conditions''' | |||
The medical conditions like High Blood pressure, high blood sugar, heart, and kidney diseases contribute to the greatest extent in the development of gout. | |||
'''Medications''' | |||
A lot of Medications are associated with the risk of developing gout. The most common amongst them are Diuretics and also the drugs that affect the immune system increase the risk of developing gout. So it is always advisable to discuss with the primary care physician before starting any other medication. | |||
Recent Surgery or Trauma | Recent Surgery or Trauma | ||
Revision as of 23:06, 7 October 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shivam Singla, M.D.[2]
Overview
Several factors may put a person at risk for developing gout. These include the presence of; hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and alcohol abuse. Certain medications may also put a person at a higher risk of developing gout.
Risk Factors
Gout is a disease related to joints that usually develops in patients with high levels of uric acid. The uric acid precipitates as needle-like crystals in the tissues mainly in the joints and other articular tissues resulting in sudden severe episodic pain, redness. warmth and swelling. There are a number of factors that can lead to the development of gout. Gout is seen in about 4% of people in America. It is more common in men than in women with a ratio of nearly 3:1. There are numerous risk factors for the development of out and can increase the chances of the patient developing a painful joint diasease.
Genes
The studies conducted at MRC Human Genetic units proved that the patients who suffer from usually have a pao=sitrive history of gout. And in these patients, the most important factor noted is the presence of a gene variant that is linked to the low levels of uric acid excretion.
Gender and Age Gout predominance is seen most commonly in men. The theory proposed by a various scientist is that the higher levels of estrogens in females play a protective role during their reproductive age group period and usually increases after the occurrence of menopause in females and matches the risk equivalent to men's for that age group.
Diet Diets such as Seafood consumption or consumption of a diet rich in fructose beverages have been found to be linked to the higher levels of uric acid and in turn, leading to the development of gout. The higher purine content in the seafood gets broken down to uric acid and in turn, leads to the production of gout.
Obesity Uric acid excretion is thought to be dependent on the body surface area also. so In an obese person, the body is more likely to produce more uc=ric acid and it can get worse if the pay=tiebt also has underlying renal abnormality present along with it.
Alcohol Consumption Alcoholic drinks especially beer are high in purine content and thus contribute the greatest to the development of gout. Even the quantity of alcohol intake also plays a huge in the development of gout. More than 2 drinks a day is also a risk factor for the development of gout. So it is always advisable to cut down the alcohol drinking to the minimal and best is to stop it completely, if possible.
Medical Conditions The medical conditions like High Blood pressure, high blood sugar, heart, and kidney diseases contribute to the greatest extent in the development of gout.
Medications A lot of Medications are associated with the risk of developing gout. The most common amongst them are Diuretics and also the drugs that affect the immune system increase the risk of developing gout. So it is always advisable to discuss with the primary care physician before starting any other medication.
Recent Surgery or Trauma Recent surgery such as bypass gastric surgery or surgery on the joints can increase your likelihood of developing gout. Additionally, if you have suffered a joint injury, that specific location can be a likely location for gout if a flare-up occurs.
You're more likely to develop gout if you have high levels of uric acid in your body[1]
. Factors that increase the uric acid level in your body include:
- Diet. Eating a diet rich in meat and seafood and drinking beverages sweetened with fruit sugar (fructose) increase levels of uric acid, which increase your risk of gout. Alcohol consumption, especially of beer, also increases the risk of gout.
- Obesity. If you're overweight, your body produces more uric acid and your kidneys have a more difficult time eliminating uric acid.
- Medical conditions. Certain diseases and conditions increase your risk of gout. These include untreated high blood pressure and chronic conditions such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and heart and kidney diseases.
- Certain medications. The use of thiazide diuretics — commonly used to treat hypertension — and low-dose aspirin also can increase uric acid levels. So can the use of anti-rejection drugs prescribed for people who have undergone an organ transplant.
- Family history of gout. If other members of your family have had gout, you're more likely to develop the disease.
- Age and sex. Gout occurs more often in men, primarily because women tend to have lower uric acid levels. After menopause, however, women's uric acid levels approach those of men. Men are also more likely to develop gout earlier — usually between the ages of 30 and 50 — whereas women generally develop signs and symptoms after menopause.
- Recent surgery or trauma. Experiencing recent surgery or trauma has been associated with an increased risk of developing a gout attack.