Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 5: Line 5:


==Overview==
==Overview==
The prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is estimated to be 5,000 per 100,000 (5%) children and 2,500 per 100,000 (2.5%) adults.<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
The prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is estimated to be 5,000 per 100,000 (5%) children and 2,500 per 100,000 (2.5%) adults.<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref> Boys are more commonly affected by ADHD than girls. The male to female ratio is 2 to 1.<ref name="#10">Briars, L., & Todd, T. (2016). A Review of Pharmacological Management of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics : JPPT, 21(3), 192–206. http://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-21.3.192.</ref>


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==

Revision as of 14:58, 10 August 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2], Haleigh Williams, B.S.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Psychiatric Examination

Laboratory Findings

Imaging Findings

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Psychotherapy

Brain Stimulation Therapy

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Monitoring Response to Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Template:Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics

CDC on Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics in the news

Blogs on Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics

Directions to Hospitals Treating Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Risk calculators and risk factors for Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics

Overview

The prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is estimated to be 5,000 per 100,000 (5%) children and 2,500 per 100,000 (2.5%) adults.[1] Boys are more commonly affected by ADHD than girls. The male to female ratio is 2 to 1.[2]

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

  • The prevalence of ADHD in children is 5,000 per 100,000 (5%) of the overall population.[1]
  • The prevalence of ADHD in adults is 2,500 per 100,000 (2.5%) of the overall population.[1]

Incidence

Based on the Health Resources and Services Administration's National Survey of Children's Health, the percentage of children age 4-17 years diagnosed with ADHD increased from 7.8 percent in 2003 to 9.5 percent in 2007. [3]

Age

ADHD is most commonly identified in school-aged children. For an adult to be diagnosed with ADHD, the patient’s symptoms must have been present prior to the age of 12.[4]

Gender

Males are twice as likely as females to be diagnosed with ADHD.[2] The Preschool ADHD-Treatment Study (PATS) showed that girls and boys with ADHD also showed different changes in the course of their illness following treatment with Ritalin, a stimulant. At baseline, girls tended to have more severe symptoms, especially inattentiveness. Although they showed a steeper decline in symptom severity over the six-year follow-up period compared to boys, their symptoms remained more severe than those of the boys throughout the study period, with the exception of hyperactivity and impulsivity in classroom settings.[5]

Race

ADHD is observed in patients of all racial/ethnic backgrounds, but does appear to be most common in non-Hispanic Caucasians.[2]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Briars, L., & Todd, T. (2016). A Review of Pharmacological Management of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics : JPPT, 21(3), 192–206. http://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-21.3.192.
  3. Zuvekas SH, Vitiello B (2012). "Stimulant medication use in children: a 12-year perspective". Am J Psychiatry. 169 (2): 160–6. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11030387. PMC 3548321. PMID 22420039.
  4. National Institute of Mental Health (NIH). (2016). "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder."
  5. Riddle MA, Yershova K, Lazzaretto D, Paykina N, Yenokyan G, Greenhill L; et al. (2013). "The Preschool Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Study (PATS) 6-year follow-up". J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 52 (3): 264–278.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.12.007. PMC 3660093. PMID 23452683. Review in: Evid Based Ment Health. 2013 Aug;16(3):63

Template:WH Template:WS