Atopic dermatitis differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Differentiating [Disease name] from other Diseases

Category Diseases Etiology Inherited Acquired Clinical manifestations Para-clinical findings Gold standard Additional findings
Demography History Symptoms Physical examination
Lab Findings Imaging Histopathology
Appearance Itching Bleeding Fever BP Tenderness Nail pitting Other CBC ESR/CRP Electrolytes BUN/Cr LFT
Single/

Multiple

Rash Involved areas Pustule WBC Hb Plt
Skin disorders Atopic dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis[1]
  • Delayed-type hypersensitivity response
  • Skin inflammation mediated by hapten-specific T cells
May be multiple Erythematous well-demarcated papules Any area in contact with the offending agent + Nl
  • Stinging and burning
Nl Nl Nl Nl Nl Nl Nl NA Diagnosis of exclusion
  • Negative hypersensitivity tests
Irritant contact dermatitis[2]
  • Activation of the innate immune system by the pro-inflammatory properties of chemicals
  • Cumulative exposure to irritants
Any area in contact with the irritant
Seborrheic dermatitis Any, onset during the 1st days or weeks of life Greasy scaling on a yellow-red base Scalp, axilla, and diaper area
Psoriasis
Lichen simplex chronicus
Ichthyosis vulgaris
Nummular dermatitis
Netherton's syndrome
Dubowitz syndrome
Erythrokeratodermia variabilis
Infection Dermatophytes
Candida
Herpes simplex
Staphylococcus aureus
Molluscum contagiosum
Scabies
  • Positive family history
Multiple Erythematous papular lesions Flexor wrists, finger webs and genitalia +++
HIV
Diseases Etiology Inherited Acquired Demography History Single/

Multiple

Rash Involved areas Pustule Itching Bleeding Fever BP Tenderness Nail pitting Other WBC Hb Plt ESR/CRP Electrolytes BUN/Cr LFT Imaging Histopathology Gold standard Additional findings
Immunologic disorders Dermatitis herpetiformis
Pemphigus foliaceus
Graft-versus-host disease
Dermatomyositis
Immune deficiency Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Hyper-IgE syndrome
DiGeorge syndrome
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
Ataxia telangiectasia
Diseases Etiology Inherited Acquired Demography History Single/

Multiple

Rash Involved areas Pustule Itching Bleeding Fever BP Tenderness Nail pitting Other WBC Hb Plt ESR/CRP Electrolytes BUN/Cr LFT Imaging Histopathology Gold standard Additional findings
Metabolic Diseases Phenylketonuria
Tyrosinemia
Histidinemia
Multiple carboxylase deficiency
Nutritional deficiencies Zinc deficiency
Niacin (B3) deficiency
Pyridoxine (B6) deficiency
Biotin (B7) deficiency
Malignancy Mycosis fungoides
Histiocytosis X
Medications Infliximab
Category Diseases Etiology Inherited Acquired Demography History Single/

Multiple

Rash Involved areas Pustule Itching Bleeding Fever BP Tenderness Nail pitting Other WBC Hb Plt ESR/CRP Electrolytes BUN/Cr LFT Imaging Histopathology Gold standard Additional findings

References

  1. Nosbaum A, Vocanson M, Rozieres A, Hennino A, Nicolas JF (2009). "Allergic and irritant contact dermatitis". Eur J Dermatol. 19 (4): 325–32. doi:10.1684/ejd.2009.0686. PMID 19447733.
  2. Bains SN, Nash P, Fonacier L (October 2018). "Irritant Contact Dermatitis". Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. doi:10.1007/s12016-018-8713-0. PMID 30293200.


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