Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination

Eisenmenger’s syndrome Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, MD[2]

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance].

Vital Signs

• Hypothermia / hyperthermia may be present
• Tachycardia with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
• Bradycardia with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
• Tachypnea / bradypnea
• Weak/bounding pulse / pulsus alternans / paradoxical pulse / asymmetric pulse
• High/low blood pressure with normal pulse pressure / wide pulse pressure / narrow pulse pressure

Skin

• Skin examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

HEENT

• HEENT examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

Neck

• Jugular venous distension
• Carotid bruits may be auscultated unilaterally/bilaterally using the bell/diaphragm of the otoscope
• Lymphadenopathy (describe location, size, tenderness, mobility, and symmetry)
• Thyromegaly / thyroid nodules
• Hepatojugular reflux

Lungs

• Pulmonary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

Heart

• Jugular venous pressure may be raised with 'a' wave indicating increased right atrial pressure. A 'v' wave indicating development of tricuspid regurgitation may also be seen
• Right ventricular heave and thrill
• Murmurs of tricuspid and pulmonic regurgitation maybe audible.
• Loud P2
• Ejection click

Abdomen

• Hepatomegaly
• Ascites

Back

• Back examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

Genitourinary

• Genitourinary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

Extremities

• Central cyanosis
• Clubbing
• Peripheral edema