HIV induced pericarditis cardiac other diagnostic studies

HIV induced pericarditis Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]

Other Diagnostic Studies

Pericardiocentesis can be performed for diagnostic purposes and as a therapeutic intervention.

Diagnostic Indications

Pericardiocentesis is often performed to assist in the diagnosis of a patient who has accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac. Pericardiocentesis can help distinguish whether the fluid collection is due to infection, spread of cancer, or possibly an autoimmune condition.

Therapeutic Indications

• Cardiac tamponade is a condition in which an accumulation of fluid within the pericardium creates excessive pressure, which then prevents the heart from filling normally with blood. This can critically decrease the amount of blood that is pumped from the heart, which can be lethal. The removal of the excess fluid reverses this dangerous process.
• Pericardial effusions larger than 250 mL.
• Pericardial effusions in which size increases despite intensive dialysis for 10-14 days.