Hemolytic-uremic syndrome history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

The majority of patients with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome are asymptomatic. It usually start with gastrointestinal prodrome including bloody diarrhea and fever that may occur 2-7 days before the onset of renal failure.

History and Symptoms

The hallmark of HUS is bloody diarrhea (dysentery ).^[1]
A positive history of bloody diarrhea and abdominal tenderness is suggestive of HUS. The most common symptoms of HUS include bloody diarrhea, fever and gastrointestinal complaints .

Common Symptoms

symptoms of [disease] include:^[2]^[3] ^[4] ^[5] ^[6]

Bloody diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Decreased urination or blood in urine
vomiting
fatigue
irritability
Abdominal swelling
Blood in the urine (hematuria )

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of HUS include:

References

↑ R. Bhimma, N. C. Rollins, H. M. Coovadia & M. Adhikari (1997). "Post-dysenteric hemolytic uremic syndrome in children during an epidemic of Shigella dysentery in Kwazulu/Natal". Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany). 11 (5): 560–564. PMID 9323280. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ T. G. Boyce, D. L. Swerdlow & P. M. Griffin (1995). "Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome". The New England journal of medicine. 333 (6): 364–368. doi:10.1056/NEJM199508103330608. PMID 7609755. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Slutsker L, Ries AA, Greene KD, Wells JG, Hutwagner L, Griffin PM (April 1997). "Escherichia coli O157:H7 diarrhea in the United States: clinical and epidemiologic features". Ann. Intern. Med. 126 (7): 505–13. PMID 9092315.
↑ Phillip I. Tarr, Carrie A. Gordon & Wayne L. Chandler (2005). "Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli and haemolytic uraemic syndrome". Lancet (London, England). 365 (9464): 1073–1086. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71144-2. PMID 15781103. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Phillip I. Tarr, Carrie A. Gordon & Wayne L. Chandler (2005). "Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli and haemolytic uraemic syndrome". Lancet (London, England). 365 (9464): 1073–1086. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71144-2. PMID 15781103. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ James B. Kaper & Alison D. O'Brien (2014). "Overview and Historical Perspectives". Microbiology spectrum. 2 (6). doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0028-2014. PMID 25590020. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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[1] R. Bhimma, N. C. Rollins, H. M. Coovadia & M. Adhikari (1997). "Post-dysenteric hemolytic uremic syndrome in children during an epidemic of Shigella dysentery in Kwazulu/Natal". Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany). 11 (5): 560–564. PMID 9323280. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[:0-2] T. G. Boyce, D. L. Swerdlow & P. M. Griffin (1995). "Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome". The New England journal of medicine. 333 (6): 364–368. doi:10.1056/NEJM199508103330608. PMID 7609755. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid9092315-3] Slutsker L, Ries AA, Greene KD, Wells JG, Hutwagner L, Griffin PM (April 1997). "Escherichia coli O157:H7 diarrhea in the United States: clinical and epidemiologic features". Ann. Intern. Med. 126 (7): 505–13. PMID 9092315.

[4] Phillip I. Tarr, Carrie A. Gordon & Wayne L. Chandler (2005). "Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli and haemolytic uraemic syndrome". Lancet (London, England). 365 (9464): 1073–1086. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71144-2. PMID 15781103. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[5] Phillip I. Tarr, Carrie A. Gordon & Wayne L. Chandler (2005). "Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli and haemolytic uraemic syndrome". Lancet (London, England). 365 (9464): 1073–1086. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71144-2. PMID 15781103. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[6] James B. Kaper & Alison D. O'Brien (2014). "Overview and Historical Perspectives". Microbiology spectrum. 2 (6). doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0028-2014. PMID 25590020. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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