Retinitis laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ilan Dock, B.S.

Overview

Due to the variability of causes associated with retinitis, there are a variety of tests available to diagnose the underlying cause. Genetic defects such as retinitis pigmentosa is primarily diagnosed with an electroretinogram.^[1] Other underlying causes may be distinguished using a variety of testing procedures. These procedures are usually directly associated with the hypothesized condition causing retinitis. Many of the underlying conditions may range from fungal to bacterial and thus are tested accordingly.^[2]

Laboratory Findings

Genetic

Retinitis Pigmentosa

Electroretinogram^[1]

Infectious Agents

Cytomegalovirus

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing in particular regions
Usually detectable in blood and other bodily fluids^[2]

Tuberculosis

Positive purified derivative skin testing
Interferon-gamma release assay (QuantiFERON Gold TB Test)
Isolation of acid-fast bacilli^[2]

Fungal

Testing methods for identification of a fungal infectious agent largely depend on microscopic examination of infected area.
Localized infections may display hyphae and typically, easily identifiable lesions.^[2]

Toxoplasmosis

Serological testing (ELISA)^[2]

Syphilis

Serological testing
Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) testing
Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbtion testing (FTA-ABS)^[2]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Retinitis Pigmentosa. American Academy of Ophthamology. http://www.aao.org/eye-health/tips-prevention/retinitis-pigmentosa-diagnosis
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016.

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[US_GEN-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Retinitis Pigmentosa. American Academy of Ophthamology. http://www.aao.org/eye-health/tips-prevention/retinitis-pigmentosa-diagnosis

[ret_phys-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016.

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