Airway obstruction causes

Airway obstruction Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Airway obstruction from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Chest X Ray
CT
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Airway obstruction causes On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Airway obstruction causes All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Airway obstruction causes
CDC on Airway obstruction causes
Airway obstruction causes in the news
Blogs on Airway obstruction causes
Directions to Hospitals Treating Airway obstruction
Risk calculators and risk factors for Airway obstruction causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H.^[2]

Overview

Airway obstruction can be caused by obvious physical obstruction, such as choking or due to a swollen epiglottis in epiglottitis. It can also be caused by less obvious causes of airway compromise such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia and pulmonary edema. A high index of suspicion needs to be maintained when a person presents with signs of infection and upper airway obstruction, as epiglottitis and peritonsillar abcess can cause rapid cardiorespiratory compromise.

Causes

Common Causes

• Adenoid hypertrophy

• Angioedema

• Asthma

• Atelectasis

• Chemical burns

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

• Croup

• Epiglottitis

• Foreign body

• Infectious mononucleosis

• Laryngomalacia

• Pneumonia

• Pulmonary edema

• Subglottic stenosis

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Anaphylactic shock , Aortic arch anomalies, Aortic dissection, Hemangioma, Pulmonary edema, Superior vena cava syndrome
Chemical / poisoning	Chemical burns,
Dermatologic	Hemangioma, Kaposi's sarcoma
Drug Side Effect	ACE inhibitors, Anaphylactic shock , Angioedema, Levodopa, Penicillin, Sedation, Sodium thiopental, Trovafloxacin mesylate
Ear Nose Throat	Adenoid hypertrophy, Croup, Dysphagia, Empty nose syndrome, Epiglottitis, Large turbinate, Laryngomalacia, Pallister-Hall syndrome, Peritonsillar abscess, Pharyngeal flap surgery, Pierre Robin syndrome, Retropharyngeal abscess, Rhinoplasty, Subglottic stenosis, Swollen turbinates, Throat cancer, Thyroid cancer, Thyroid Carcinoma, Tonsillectomy, Tracheitis, Tracheomalacia, Tracheotomy, Upper airway obstruction, Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, Vocal cord problems
Endocrine	Thyroid cancer, Thyroid carcinoma
Environmental	Foreign body, Hanging
Gastroenterologic	Cystic fibrosis, Pallister-Hall syndrome
Genetic	Cystic fibrosis, Pallister-Hall syndrome, Pierre Robin syndrome
Hematologic	Hemangioma
Iatrogenic	Rhinoplasty, Tonsillectomy, Tracheotomy, Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Infectious Disease	Bacterial infections, Epiglottitis, Infectious mononucleosis, Kaposi's sarcoma, Peritonsillar abscess, Retropharyngeal abscess, Tracheitis, Viral infections
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Increased neck circumference, Pallister-Hall syndrome, Pierre Robin syndrome
Neurologic	Conscious Sedation, Pallister-Hall syndrome, Sedation
Nutritional / Metabolic	Obesity, Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	Sedation
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Aspiration, Asthma, Atelectasis, Bronchiectasis, Bronchiolitis obliterans, Chronic airway obstruction, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Community-acquired pneumonia, Cystic fibrosis, Exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage, Hospital-acquired pneumonia, Lipid pneumonia, Obesity hypoventilation syndrome, Pneumonia, Pulmonary edema
Renal / Electrolyte	Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis,
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Allergic reactions, Anaphylactic shock , Angioedema, Interleukin 13, Leukotriene,
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Aortic dissection, Trauma
Urologic	No underlying causes, Pallister-Hall syndrome
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Smoke burn

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• ACE inhibitors

• Adenoid hypertrophy

• Allergic reactions

• Anaphylactic shock

• Angioedema

• Aortic arch anomalies

• Aortic dissection

• Aspiration

• Asthma

• Atelectasis

• Bacterial infections

• Bronchiectasis

• Bronchiolitis obliterans

• Chemical burns

• Chronic airway obstruction

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

• Community-acquired pneumonia

• Conscious sedation

• Croup

• Cystic fibrosis

• Dysphagia

• Empty nose syndrome

• Epiglottitis

• Exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage

• Foreign body

• Hanging

• Hemangioma

• Hospital-acquired pneumonia

• Increased neck circumference

• Infectious mononucleosis

• Interleukin 13

• Kaposi's sarcoma

• Large turbinate

• Laryngomalacia

• Leukotriene

• Levodopa

• Lipid pneumonia

• Obesity

• Obesity hypoventilation syndrome

• Pallister-Hall syndrome

• Penicillin

• Peritonsillar abscess

• Pharyngeal flap surgery

• Pierre Robin syndrome

• Pneumonia

• Pulmonary edema

• Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

• Retropharyngeal abscess

• Rhinoplasty

• Sedation

• Smoke burn

• Sodium thiopental

• Subglottic stenosis

• Superior vena cava syndrome

• Swollen turbinate

• Throat cancer

• Thyroid cancer

• Thyroid carcinoma

• Tonsillectomy

• Tracheitis

• Tracheomalacia

• Tracheotomy

• Trauma

• Trovafloxacin mesylate

• Upper airway obstruction

• Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

• Viral infections

• Vocal cord problems