Cardiac disease in pregnancy echocardiography: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 14:12, 18 April 2012

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [3]

Overview

Echocardiograhy does not carry the risk of fetal irradiation; hence, is a safe and preferred screening method to assess cardiac function and valvular lesions.

Maternal Echocardiographic Findings

There is a progressive increase in chamber dimension with:

~20% increase in the size of the right atrium and the right ventricle,
~12% increase in left atrial size, and
~6% increase in left ventricular size.

Following delivery, the above changes gradually return to pre-gestational baseline.

In addition, there is early and progressive dilation of the mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary annuli which is associated with an increase in valvular regurgitation.

Fetal Echocardiography

Fetal echocardiography is 96% sensitive in detecting major structural malformations (72/74 abnormalities identified among 1,022 fetuses) and is useful for genetics counseling and management during pregnancy and postpartum.

Indications:

Pregnant women at high-risk for structural heart disease with:

History of congenital heart disease themselves or in previous children.
Presence of diabetes or collagen vascular disease- predisposing factor for congenital heart disease.

History of a fetal arrhythmia
Consumption of teratogens

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Cardiac disease in pregnancy}}
-{{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} {{CZ}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} {{CZ}}; {{LG}}
-==Echocardiography==
+==Overview==
-There is a progressive increase in chamber dimension with approximately a 20% increase in the size of the right atrium and the right ventricle, a 12% increase in left atrial size, and a 6% increase in left ventricular size. Postpartum, the changes gradually returned to baseline. In addition, there is early and progressive dilation of the mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary annuli which is associated with an increase in valvular regurgitation.
+Echocardiograhy does not carry the risk of fetal irradiation; hence, is a safe and preferred screening method to assess cardiac function and valvular lesions.
+==Maternal Echocardiographic Findings==
+*There is a progressive increase in chamber dimension with:
+::*~20% increase in the size of the [[right atrium]] and the [[right ventricle]],
+::*~12% increase in [[left atrial]] size, and
+::*~6% increase in [[left ventricular]] size.
+*Following delivery, the above changes gradually return to pre-gestational baseline.
+*In addition, there is early and progressive dilation of the mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary annuli which is associated with an increase in valvular regurgitation.
 ==Fetal Echocardiography==
+Fetal echocardiography is '''96% sensitive''' in detecting major structural malformations (72/74 abnormalities identified among 1,022 fetuses) and is useful for genetics counseling and management during pregnancy and postpartum.
 ====Indications:====
-Patients at high-risk for [[structural heart disease]]:
+* Pregnant women at high-risk for [[structural heart disease]] with:
-:* women with a history of [[congenital heart disease]] themselves or in previous children
+::* History of [[congenital heart disease]] themselves or in previous children.
-:* [[diabetes]] and [[collagen vascular disease]] predispose to [[congenital heart disease]]
+::* Presence of [[diabetes]] or [[collagen vascular disease]]- predisposing factor for [[congenital heart disease]].
-:* a history of a [[arrhythmia|fetal arrhythmia]]
-:* consumption of [[teratogens]]
-====Fetal Echo:====
+* History of a [[arrhythmia|fetal arrhythmia]]
-* one study found a sensitivity of 96% in detecting major structural malformations (72/74 abnormalities identified among 1,022 fetuses)
+* Consumption of [[teratogens]]
-* useful for management during pregnancy, postpartum, and genetics counseling
 ==References==
@@ Line 25: / Line 34: @@
 [[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Cardiology]]
-[[Category:Electrophysiology]]
+[[Category:Echocardiography]]
 [[Category:Emergency medicine]]