Bronchitis causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 19:49, 11 November 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Bronchitis Main page

Patient Information

Overview

Causes

Classification

Acute bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis

Differential Diagnosis

Overview

Acute bronchitis is a self-limited inflammation of the large airways of the lung that is characterized by cough with or without sputum that last several days or weeks (10 days). It is one of the commonest causes of outpatient admission worldwide. Virus are thought to be the commonest cause of acute bronchitis. Influenza A and B, parainfluenza, respiratory synctial virus, corona virus are the commonest involved pathogens. Some atypical bacterias like mycoplasma, chlamydiae and bordetella pertusis are also found to cause acute bronchitis.

Causes

Common Causes

Acute Bronchitis

  • The cause of acute bronchitis depend on several factors, for instance season of the year (winter and fall), vaccination level, age and immune status of the patient
  • Viruses are considered to be the commonest cause of acute bronchitis. The common virus involved are influenza A and B, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, adenovirus and rhinovirus.
  • Human metapneumovirus is also found to cause bronchitis.
  • Some atypical bacterias are also found toact as causative factors for bronchitis namely bordetella pertusis, Chlamydia pneumonia and mycoplasma pneumonia.

The following things can make bronchitis worse:

  • Air pollution
  • Allergens
  • Certain occupations (such as coal mining, textile manufacturing, or grain handling)

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic bronchitis is a long-term condition. People have a cough that produces excessive mucus. To be diagnosed with chronic bronchitis, you must have a cough with mucus most days of the month for at least 3 months.

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Ciclesonide, Lamotrigine, Methotrexate, Metronidazole Topical, Pentamidine Isethionate, Pramipexole
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Influenza, Pharyngitis, Sinusitis, Streptococcus Group A infection
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic Hypoglycemia
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Asthma , Bronchiectasis, Bronchiolitis
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

References


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