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{{Template:Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection}}
{{Template:Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection}}
{{CMG}} '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:'''{{CZ}}; [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu] [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [[mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]] '''Assistant Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [[mailto:kfeeney@elon.edu]]
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:'''{{CZ}}; [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu]; [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]; '''Assistant Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [mailto:kfeeney@elon.edu]


==Overview==
==Overview==
The clinical features in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection depends on the type of anatomic variant present in the patient. This in turn determines the amount of mixing between the pulmonary and systemic circulation.
The clinical features in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection depend on the type of [[anatomic]] variant present in the [[patient]]. This, in turn, determines the amount of mixing between the [[pulmonary]] and [[systemic circulation]]. In [[patients]] with obstructed TAPVC, [[pulmonary venous]] circulation drains into the systemic venous circulation. This causes increased returns to the right side of the heart and [[pulmonary hypertension]] that can manifest as [[cyanosis]], [[dyspnea]], [[pulmonary edema]], [[respiratory failure]], [[shock]], and [[hypotension]]. In [[patients]] with unobstructed TAPVC clinical findings are quite similar to [[conditions]] with [[Left-to-right shunt|left-to-right shunting]] like [[dyspnea]], difficulties in feeding, and [[failure to thrive]].


==History and Symptoms==
==Symptoms==
The total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) can be divided into two types i.e. obstructed and non-obstructed.  
The total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) can be divided into two types i.e. obstructed and non-obstructed.  


In patients with obstructed TAPVC, pulmonary venous circulation drains into the systemic venous circulation. This causes increased returns to the right side of heart and pulmonary hypertension that can manifest as:
In [[patients]] with obstructed TAPVC, [[pulmonary venous]] circulation drains into the systemic venous circulation. This causes increased returns to the right side of the heart and [[pulmonary hypertension]] that can manifest as:<ref name="pmid5425587">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gathman GE, Nadas AS |title=Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: clinical and physiologic observations of 75 pediatric patients |journal=Circulation |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=143–54 |date=July 1970 |pmid=5425587 |doi=10.1161/01.cir.42.1.143 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Pollack2019">{{cite journal|last1=Pollack|first1=Charles V.|year=2019|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-63895-9}}</ref>
 
*[[Cyanosis]]
*[[Cyanosis]]
*[[Dyspnea]]
*[[Dyspnea]]
Line 16: Line 15:
*[[Respiratory failure]]
*[[Respiratory failure]]
*[[Shock]]
*[[Shock]]
*[[Hypotension]] (decrease in the blood to the left side of the heart)
*[[Hypotension]] (decrease in the blood to the left side of the [[heart]])
 
In the patients with unobstructed TAPVC clinical findings are quite similar to conditions with left-to-right shunting like:


In [[patients]] with unobstructed TAPVC clinical findings are quite similar to [[conditions]] with [[Left-to-right shunt|left-to-right shunting]] like:
* [[Dyspnea]]
* [[Dyspnea]]
* Difficulties in feeding
* Difficulties in feeding
* [[Failure to thrive]]
* [[Failure to thrive]]
Mostly they are acyanotic on presentation.
Mostly they are acyanotic on presentation.
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Cardiovascular system]]
[[Category:Cardiovascular system]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]

Latest revision as of 23:53, 14 April 2020


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief:Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Keri Shafer, M.D. [3]; Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [4]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [5]

Overview

The clinical features in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection depend on the type of anatomic variant present in the patient. This, in turn, determines the amount of mixing between the pulmonary and systemic circulation. In patients with obstructed TAPVC, pulmonary venous circulation drains into the systemic venous circulation. This causes increased returns to the right side of the heart and pulmonary hypertension that can manifest as cyanosis, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, shock, and hypotension. In patients with unobstructed TAPVC clinical findings are quite similar to conditions with left-to-right shunting like dyspnea, difficulties in feeding, and failure to thrive.

Symptoms

The total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) can be divided into two types i.e. obstructed and non-obstructed.

In patients with obstructed TAPVC, pulmonary venous circulation drains into the systemic venous circulation. This causes increased returns to the right side of the heart and pulmonary hypertension that can manifest as:[1][2]

In patients with unobstructed TAPVC clinical findings are quite similar to conditions with left-to-right shunting like:

Mostly they are acyanotic on presentation.

References

  1. Gathman GE, Nadas AS (July 1970). "Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: clinical and physiologic observations of 75 pediatric patients". Circulation. 42 (1): 143–54. doi:10.1161/01.cir.42.1.143. PMID 5425587.
  2. Pollack, Charles V. (2019). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-63895-9. Missing or empty |title= (help)

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