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===Causes by Organ System===


{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
Causes of clubbing
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
 
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
*[[Aneurysm]]
|-
*[[Erythromelalgia ]]
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
*[[Achalasia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Lead poisoning]], [[mercury poisoning]]
*[[Alpha heavy chain disease]]
|-
*[[Ammonia |Ammonia inhalation]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Arterial vascular prosthesis infections ]]
| '''Dental'''
*[[Arteriovenous fistula]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Arteriovenous malformations]]
|-
*[[Arteriovenous shunts]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Asbestos]]
| '''Dermatologic'''
*[[Asbestosis]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Allergies]], [[angioma|arterial angioma]], [[glomus tumor]], [[lyme disease]], [[measles]], [[rubella]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Aspergillosis]]
|-
*[[Asthma|Asthma complicated by infection]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Atrial myxoma]]
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
*[[Atrial septal defect (ostium primum)]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amikacin]], [[aminoglycoside ]], [[aminophylline]], [[amphotericin B]], [[angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors]], [[malaria medical therapy|antimalarial drugs]], [[aspirin]], [[benzodiazepines]], [[bismuth]], [[bleomycin]], [[bumetanide]], [[Calcium channel blockers]], [[carbamazepine]], [[chloramphenicol]], [[chlordiazepoxide]], [[chloroquine]], [[cisplatin]], [[clarithromycin]], [[clomifene]], [[COX-2 inhibitor|Cox-2 inhibitors]], [[cyclobenzaprine]], [[dapsone]], [[diflunisal]], [[doxazosin]], [[doxepin]], [[erythromycin]], [[febuxostat]], [[fluoroquinolone]], [[fosaprepitant]], [[furosemide]], [[gallium nitrate]], [[gentamicin]][[hydroxychloroquine]], [[indomethacin]], [[interferon]], [[isotretinoin]], [[kanamycin]], [[L-dopa]], [[lidocaine]], [[lincomycin hydrochloride]], [[loop diuretics]], [[mechlorethamine]], [[mefloquine]], [[methotrexate]][[nabilone]], [[naltrexone]], [[netilmicin]], [[nitroprusside]], [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[olsalazine]], [[ototoxic medications]], [[oxcarbazepine]], [[pegylated interferon-alpha-2b]], [[platinum-based antineoplastic|platinum-based chemotherapy]], [[prazosin]], [[propranolol]], [[proton pump inhibitors]], [[quinidine]], [[rifaximin]], [[rizatriptan]], [[salicylates]], [[sertraline]], [[sibutramine]], [[sulfasalazine]], [[sulindac]], [[temozolomide]], [[tetracycline]], [[thalidomide]], [[tolbutamide]], [[tolmetin]], [[toluene]], [[tricyclic antidepressants]], [[valproic acid]], [[vancomycin]], [[vincristine]]  
*[[Berylliosis]]
|-
*[[Biliary cirrhosis]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Bindewald-ulmer-muller syndrome]]
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
*[[Bronchial carcinoma]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acoustic neuroma]], [[acoustic shock]], [[acute otitis externa]], [[Otitis media||acute otitis media]], [[allergies]], [[eustachian tube dysfunction||auditory tube dysfunction]], [[Otic polyp||aural polyps]], [[autoimmune inner ear disease ]], [[eustachian tube||blocked eustachian tube]], [[cerumen impaction]], [[cholesteatoma]], [[Otitis media||chronic otitis media]], [[chronic sinusitis]], [[cogan syndrome]], [[ear infection]], [[ear inflammation]], [[earache]], [[ethacrynic acid]], [[eustachian tube|eustachian tube patency]], [[fluid in the ear ]], [[foreign body in ear]], , [[glomus tumor]], [[hearing loss]], [[Congenital hearing loss|late-onset congenital hearing loss]], [[meniere's disease]], [[Otitis media|middle ear effusion]], [[otosclerosis]], [[ototoxicity]], [[presbyacusis]], [[labyrinthitis|suppurative labyrinthitis]], [[tympanic membrane perforation]], [[Vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome]
*[[Bronchiectasis]]
|-
*[[Bronchiolitis obliterans ]]  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
| '''Endocrine'''
*[[Cannabis]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Celiac sprue]]  
|-
*[[Cerebrovascular insult]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Chlorine|Chlorine inhalation]]
| '''Environmental'''
*[[hypoxia|Chronic hypoxia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Chronic liver disease]]
|-
*[[Obstructive jaundice |Chronic obstructive jaundice]]  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
*[[Cirrhosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Celiac disease]]  
|-
*[[Common ventricle]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[tuberculosis|Complicated tuberculosis]]  
| '''Genetic'''
*[[Congenital]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Arteriovenous shunts|Congenital arteriovenous shunt]]
|-
*[[Congenital heart disease|Congenital cardiovascular malformations]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Congenital heart defects ]]
| '''Hematologic'''
*[[Cyanotic heart disease|Congenital cyanotic heart disease]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Congestive heart failure]]
|-
*[[Conotruncal heart malformations]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Cranio osteoarthropathy]]
| '''Iatrogenic'''
*[[Crohn's disease]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis]]
|-
*[[Cystic fibrosis]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Deafness ]]
| '''Infectious Disease'''
*[[Dexfenfluramine |Dexfenfluramine-associated]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Situs inversus |Dextrocardia-bronchiectasis-sinusitis]]
|-
*[[Diacetyl|Diacetyl inhalation]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Double outlet right ventricle]]
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
*[[Patent Ductus Arteriosus |Ductus arteriosus, patent reversed flow]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Ebstein's anomaly]]
|-
*[[Eisenmenger syndrome]]  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Emphysema]]
| '''Neurologic'''
*[[Endocarditis]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Esophageal achalasia]]  
|-
*[[Extrathoracic disease]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Extrinsic allergic alveolitis]]
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
*[[Tetralogy of Fallot |Fallot syndrome]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Interstitial fibrosis |Familial interstitial fibrosis]]  
|-
*[[pulmonary arterial hypertension |Familial pulmonary arterial hypertension]]  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Fenfluramine]]  
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
*[[Fibrosing alveolitis]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Fibrosing alveolitis, cryptogenic]]
|-
*[[Fischer syndrome]]  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Gastrointestinal cancer|Gastrointestinal neoplasms]]
| '''Oncologic'''
*[[Graves disease]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia |Haemorrhagic telangiectasia]]
|-
*[[Hamman-Rich Syndrome ]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Heart cancer]]  
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
*[[Heart failure]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Hepatoma]]
|-
*[[Hepatopulmonary syndrome]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]]  
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
*[[Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Hodgkin lymphoma]]  
|-
*[[Hydrogen bromide |Hydrogen bromide inhalation]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Hydrogen chloride |Hydrogen chloride inhalation]]
| '''Psychiatric'''
*[[Hydrogen fluoride |Hydrogen fluoride inhalation]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Hydrogen sulfide |Hydrogen sulfide inhalation]]
|-
*[[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy]]  
| '''Pulmonary'''
*[[Diffuse interstitial fibrosis|Idiopathic diffuse interstitial fibrosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]]
|-
*[[Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis]]  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Idiopathic pulmonary hypertension]]
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
|-
*[[Interferon gamma]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Interstitial lung disease|Interstitial lung disease]]
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
*[[Interstitial pneumonitis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Interstitial lung disease |Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis]]
|-
*[[Ivemark syndrome]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia ]]  
| '''Sexual'''
*[[Kindler syndrome|Kindler-weary bullous acrokeratotic poikiloderma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Liver Cancer |Liver tumors]]
|-
*[[Lung abscess]]  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Lung cancer]]
| '''Trauma'''
*[[Lymphadenitis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia]]
|-
*[[Malabsorption]]  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy|Marie-bamberg syndrome]]
| '''Urologic'''
*[[Mesothelioma]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Mesothelioma of the pleura]]
|-
*[[Metastatic melanoma]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
*[[Methyl isocyanate |Methyl isocyanate inhalation]]
| '''Miscellaneous'''
*[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
*[[Myelofibrosis]]
|-
*[[Myxomas]]
|}
*[[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma]]  
*[[Nitrogen oxide |Nitrogen oxide inhalation]]
*[[Oesophageal cancer]]
*[[Overactive thyroid gland]]  
*[[Ozone|Ozone inhalation]]  
*[[Pachydermoperiostosis]]
*[[Pancoast tumor ]]  
*[[Patent ductus arteriosus]]
*[[Peripheral shunt]]  
*[[Peutz-Jeghers syndrome]]
*[[Phosgene|Phosgene inhalation]]
*[[Pleural fibroma ]]
*[[POEMS syndrome ]]
*[[Polyamide|Polyamide-amine dyes inhalation]]
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]  
*[[Primary biliary cirrhosis]]  
*[[Primary pulmonary hypertension]]  
*[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]]  
*[[Aneurysm|Pulmonary arterio-veinous aneurysm]]
*[[Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation]]  
*[[Pulmonary artery sarcoma]]
*[[Pulmonary artery sclerosis]]  
*[[Pulmonary fibrosis]]
*[[Granuloma|Pulmonary granuloma]]  
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]  
*[[Pulmonary hypertension |Pulmonary hypoxic hypertension]]
*[[Lymphoma |Pulmonary lymphoma]]  
*[[Pulmonary metastases]]  
*[[Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B]]
*[[Pulmonary hypertension|Pulmonary thromboembolic hypertension]]
*[[Pulmonary tuberculosis]]
*[[Pulmonic stenosis]]  
*[[Right-to-left shunt|Right-to-left cardiac shunts]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Secondary pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Senna]]
*[[Shell nail syndrome]]
*[[Silicosis]]
*[[Small bowel lymphoma]]
*[[Sprue]]
*[[Stomach cancer]]
*[[Subacute bacterial endocarditis]]
*[[Sulfur dioxide|Sulphur dioxide inhalation]]
*[[Pulmonary surfactant|Surfactant metabolism dysfunction]]
*[[Taussig-Bing syndrome ]]
*[[Tetralogy of fallot]]
*[[Thionyl chloride|Thionyl chloride inhalation]]
*[[Thyroid cancer]]
*[[Thyrotoxicosis]]
*[[Total anomalous venous connection]]
*[[Transposition of the great vessels]]
*[[Tricuspid atresia]]
*[[Truncus arteriosus]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Vascular anomaly|Vascular anomalies]]
*[[Ventricular septal defect]]
*[[Whipple disease]]
 
 
 
*[[Asbestosis]],
*[[Asthma complicated by infection]],
*[[Berylliosis]],
*[[Bronchial carcinoma]],
*[[Bronchiecstasis]],
*[[Bronchiolitis obliterans ]],
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]],
*[[Chronic hypoxia]],
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ]],
*[[Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis]],
*[[Cystic fibrosis]],
*[[Emphysema]],
*[[Empyema]],
*[[Extrathoracic disease]],
*[[Extrinsic allergic alveolitis]],
*[[Familial interstitial fibrosis]],
*[[Familial pulmonary arterial hypertension]],
*[[Fibrosing alveolitis]],
*[[Hamman-rich syndrome]],
*[[Hepatopulmonary syndrome]],
*[[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis]],
*[[Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy]],
*[[Idiopathic diffuse interstitial fibrosis]],
*[[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]],
*[[Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis]],
*[[Idiopathic pulmonary hypertension ]],
*[[Interstitial fibrosis]],
*[[Interstitial lung disease]],
*[[Interstitial pneumonitis]],
*[[Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis]],
*[[Lipoid pneumonia]],
*[[lung cancer]],
*[[Marie-bamberg syndrome]],
*[[Pancoast tumors]],
*[[Pleural fibroma]],
*[[Pleural mesothelioma]],
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]],
*[[Primary pulmonary hypertension]],
*[[Pulmonary abscess]],
*[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]],
*[[Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation]],
*[[Pulmonary artery sarcoma]],
*[[Pulmonary artery sarcoma]],
*[[Pulmonary artery sclerosis]],
*[[Pulmonary fibrosis]],
*[[Pulmonary granuloma]],
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]],
*[[Pulmonary hypoxic hypertension]],
*[[Pulmonary lymphoma]],
*[[Pulmonary metastases]],
*[[Pulmonary metastasis]], [[Bronchiectasis]]
*[[Pulmonary surfactant protein b, deficiency of]],
*[[Pulmonary thromboembolic hypertension]],
*[[Pulmonary tuberculosis]],
*[[Pulmonic stenosis]],
*[[Sarcoidosis]],
*[[Secondary pulmonary hypertension]],
*[[Silicosis]],
*[[Suppurative lung disease]],
*[[Surfactant metabolism dysfunction]],

Latest revision as of 20:05, 9 April 2017

Causes of clubbing


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