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* Risk categories for antimicrobial agents known to have an association with TdP<ref>{{Cite web | title = Arizona Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics | url = http://www.torsades.org }}</ref>
* Risk categories for antimicrobial agents known to have an association with TdP<ref>{{Cite web | title = Arizona Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics | url = http://www.torsades.org }}</ref>
:* '''Drugs with known TdP risk'''
:* '''Drugs with known TdP risk'''
::* [[Atazanavir|Atazanavir (Reyataz®)]]
::* [[Azithromycin|Azithromycin (Zithromax®, Zmax®)]]
::* [[Bosutinib|Bosutinib (Bosulif®)]]
::* [[Chloroquine|Chloroquine (Aralen®)]]
::* [[Chlorpromazine|Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®, Largactil®, Megaphen®)]]
::* [[Ciprofloxacin|Ciprofloxacin (Cipro®, Cipro-XR®, Neofloxin®)]]
::* [[Cisapride (Removed from US Market)|Cisapride (Removed from US Market) (Propulsid®)]]
::* [[Clarithromycin|Clarithromycin (Biaxin®, Prevpac®)]]
::* [[Epinephrine (Adrenaline)|Epinephrine (Adrenaline) (Primatene®, Bronkaid®)]]
::* [[Erythromycin|Erythromycin (A/T/S®, Akne-Mycin®, Emgel®, Ery-Tab®, Eryc®, Erycette®, Eryderm®, Erygel®)]]
::* [[Fingolimod|Fingolimod (Gilenya®)]]
::* [[Fluconazole|Fluconazole (Diflucan®, Trican®)]]
::* [[Gemifloxacin|Gemifloxacin (Factive®)]]
::* [[Halofantrine|Halofantrine (Halfan®)]]
::* [[Granisetron|Granisetron (Kytril®, Sancuso®, Granisol®)]]
::* [[Levofloxacin|Levofloxacin (Levaquin®, Tavanic®)]]
::* [[Leuprolide (Leuprorelin)|Leuprolide (Leuprorelin) (Lupron®, Eligard®, Viadur®, Carcinil®, Enanton®, Leuplin®, Lucrin®, Procren®, Prostap® and others)]]
::* [[Moxifloxacin|Moxifloxacin (Avelox®, Avalox®, Avelon®)]]
::* [[Mirtazapine|Mirtazapine (Remeron)]]
::* [[Pentamidine|Pentamidine (Pentam®)]]
::* [[Pasireotide|Pasireotide (Signifor®)]]
::* [[Sparfloxacin|Sparfloxacin (Zagam®)]]
::* [[Sorafenib|Sorafenib (Nexavar®)]]


:* '''Drugs with possible TdP risk'''
:* '''Drugs with possible TdP risk'''
::* [[Atazanavir|Atazanavir (Reyataz®)]]
::* [[Bedaquiline|Bedaquiline (Sirturo®)]]
::* [[Bedaquiline|Bedaquiline (Sirturo®)]]
::* [[Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine|Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (Eurartesim®)]]
::* [[Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine|Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (Eurartesim®)]]
::* [[Foscarnet|Foscarnet (Foscavir®)]]
::* [[Gatifloxacin|Gatifloxacin (Tequin®)]]
::* [[Gatifloxacin|Gatifloxacin (Tequin®)]]
::* [[Gemifloxacin|Gemifloxacin (Factive®)]]
::* [[Gemifloxacin|Gemifloxacin (Factive®)]]
::* [[Norfloxacin|Norfloxacin (Noroxin®, Ambigram®)]]
::* [[Norfloxacin|Norfloxacin (Noroxin®, Ambigram®)]]
::* [[Ofloxacin|Ofloxacin (Floxin®)]]
::* [[Ofloxacin|Ofloxacin (Floxin®)]]
::* [[Rilpivirine|Rilpivirine (Edurant®, Complera®, Eviplera®)]]
::* [[Roxithromycin|Roxithromycin (Rulide®, Xthrocin®, Roxl-150®, Roxo®, Surlid®, Rulide®, Biaxsig®, Roxar®, Roximycinv®, Roxomycin®, Rulid®, Tirabicin®, Coroxin®)]]
::* [[Roxithromycin|Roxithromycin (Rulide®, Xthrocin®, Roxl-150®, Roxo®, Surlid®, Rulide®, Biaxsig®, Roxar®, Roximycinv®, Roxomycin®, Rulid®, Tirabicin®, Coroxin®)]]
::* [[Saquinavir|Saquinavir (Invirase®(combo))]]
::* [[Telavancin|Telavancin (Vibativ®)]]
::* [[Telavancin|Telavancin (Vibativ®)]]
::* [[Telithromycin|Telithromycin (Ketek®)]]
::* [[Telithromycin|Telithromycin (Ketek®)]]


:* '''Drugs with conditional TdP risk'''
:* '''Drugs with conditional TdP risk'''
::* [[Albuterol (salbutamol)|Albuterol (salbutamol) (Proventil®, Ventolin®, Ventolin-HFA®, Accuneb®, Combivent®, Vospire-ER®, ProAir HFA®, Duoneb®)]]
::* [[Amantadine|Amantadine (Symmetrel®, Symadine®)]]
::* [[Haloperidol|Haloperidol (Haldol® (US & UK), Aloperidin®, Bioperidolo®, Brotopon®, Dozic®, Duraperidol® (Germany), Einalon S®, Eukystol®, Halosten®, Keselan®, Linton®, Peluces®, Serenace®, Serenase®, Sigaperidol®)]]
::* [[Hydroxychloroquine|Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil®, Quineprox®)]]
::* [[Isoproterenol|Isoproterenol (Medihaler-Iso®, Isuprel®)]]
::* [[Itraconazole|Itraconazole (Sporanox®, Onmel®)]]
::* [[Itraconazole|Itraconazole (Sporanox®, Onmel®)]]
::* [[Methylphenidate|Methylphenidate (Ritalin®, Concerta®, Focalin®, Daytrana®, Methylin®, Metadate CD®)]]
::* [[Ketoconazole|Ketoconazole (Nizoral®, Sebizole®, Ketomed®, Keton®)]]
::* [[Moexipril/HCTZ|Moexipril/HCTZ (Uniretic®, Univasc®)]]
::* [[Metronidazole|Metronidazole (Flagyl® and many others)]]
::* [[Pimozide|Pimozide (Orap®)]]
::* [[Nelfinavir|Nelfinavir (Viracept®)]]
::* [[Quetiapine|Quetiapine (Seroquel®)]]
::* [[Posaconazole|Posaconazole (Noxafil®, Posamol®)]]
::* [[Risperidone|Risperidone (Risperdal®)]]
::* [[Quinine sulfate|Quinine sulfate (Qualaquin®)]]
::* [[Tacrolimus|Tacrolimus (Prograf®, Prograf®, Advagraf®, Protopic®)]]
::* [[Ritonavir|Ritonavir (Norvir®)]]
::* [[Vemurafenib|Vemurafenib (Zelboraf®)]]
::* [[Telaprevir|Telaprevir (Incivek®, Incivo®)]]
::* [[Voriconazole|Voriconazole (VFend®)]]


:* '''Drugs to be avoided by congenital Long QT'''
:* '''Drugs to be avoided by congenital Long QT'''
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::* [[Clarithromycin|Clarithromycin (Biaxin®, Prevpac®)]]
::* [[Clarithromycin|Clarithromycin (Biaxin®, Prevpac®)]]
::* [[Erythromycin|Erythromycin (A/T/S®, Akne-Mycin®, Emgel®, Ery-Tab®, Eryc®, Erycette®, Eryderm®, Erygel®)]]
::* [[Erythromycin|Erythromycin (A/T/S®, Akne-Mycin®, Emgel®, Ery-Tab®, Eryc®, Erycette®, Eryderm®, Erygel®)]]
::* [[Itraconazole]]
::* [[Itraconazole|Itraconazole (Sporanox®, Onmel®)]]
::* [[Ketoconazole]]
::* [[Ketoconazole|Ketoconazole (Nizoral®, Sebizole®, Ketomed®, Keton®)]]
::* [[Pentamidine|Pentamidine (Pentam®)]]
::* [[Pentamidine|Pentamidine (Pentam®)]]
::* [[Sparfloxacin|Sparfloxacin (Zagam®)]]
::* [[Sparfloxacin|Sparfloxacin (Zagam®)]]


:* '''Schedule IV (Minimal risk for TdP, case reports of TdP, mild IKr blockade, may have CYP interactions)'''
:* '''Schedule IV (Minimal risk for TdP, case reports of TdP, mild IKr blockade, may have CYP interactions)'''
::* [[Fluconazole]]
::* [[Fluconazole|Fluconazole (Diflucan®, Trican®)]]
::* [[Gatifloxacin]]
::* [[Gatifloxacin|Gatifloxacin (Tequin®)]]
::* [[Gemifloxacin]]
::* [[Gemifloxacin|Gemifloxacin (Factive®)]]
::* [[Grepafloxacin]]
::* [[Levofloxacin|Levofloxacin (Levaquin®, Tavanic®)]]
::* [[Levofloxacin]]
::* [[Moxifloxacin|Moxifloxacin (Avelox®, Avalox®, Avelon®)]]
::* [[Moxifloxacin]]
::* [[Telithromycin|Telithromycin (Ketek®)]]
::* [[Telithromycin]]
::* [[Voriconazole]]


:* '''Schedule V (Questionable/minimal risk for QT interval prolongation/TdP)'''
::* [[Voriconazole|Voriconazole (VFend®)]]
::* [[Azithromycin ]]
 
::* [[Ciprofloxacin ]]
:* '''Schedule V (Questionable or minimal risk for QT interval prolongation or TdP)'''
::* [[Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim]]  
::* [[Azithromycin|Azithromycin (Zithromax®, Zmax®)]]
::* [[Ciprofloxacin|Ciprofloxacin (Cipro®, Cipro-XR®, Neofloxin®)]]
::* [[Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole|Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Septra®, Bactrim®, Sulfatrim®, Biseptol®, Co-trimoxazole®, Cotrim®, Septrin®, Trisul®)]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 21:55, 31 May 2015

  • Risk categories for antimicrobial agents known to have an association with TdP[1]
  • Drugs with known TdP risk
  • Drugs with possible TdP risk
  • Drugs with conditional TdP risk
  • Drugs to be avoided by congenital Long QT
  • Torsades de pointes risk stratification schedules for antimicrobial agents[2]
  • Schedule I (Highest TdP risk, potent IKr blockers, TdP risk >1%)
  • Not available
  • Schedule II (Significant risk for TdP, particularly when coadministered with CYP inhibitors, relatively potent IKr blockade)
  • Not available
  • Schedule III (Risk for TdP is described, IKr blockade, particularly when coadministered with CYP inhibitors)
  • Schedule IV (Minimal risk for TdP, case reports of TdP, mild IKr blockade, may have CYP interactions)
  • Schedule V (Questionable or minimal risk for QT interval prolongation or TdP)

References

  1. ↑ "Arizona Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics".
  2. ↑ Owens, Robert C. (2004). "QT prolongation with antimicrobial agents: understanding the significance". Drugs. 64 (10): 1091–1124. ISSN 0012-6667. PMID 15139788.
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