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'''Associate Editor-in-Chief:''' [[User:Edzelco|Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.]]
{{Cavernous angioma}}
 
{{CMG}} {{AE}} [[User:Edzelco|Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.]]


==Overview==
==Overview==
Cavernous angiomas are vascular malformations with thin-walled endothelial-lining. It has two types: sporadic or familial with [[autosomal dominant inheritance]].
Cavernous angiomas are [[vascular malformations]] with thin-walled endothelial-lining. It has two types: sporadic or familial with [[autosomal dominant inheritance]].


==What are the symptoms of cavernous angioma?==
==What are the symptoms of cavernous angioma?==
Clinical presentations of cavernous angioma vary depending on where the lesion is found. Symptoms include [[headache]], [[seizures]], [[hemorrhage]] and focal neurologic deficits.<ref name="pmid32731220">{{cite journal| author=Idiculla PS, Gurala D, Philipose J, Rajdev K, Patibandla P| title=Cerebral Cavernous Malformations, Developmental Venous Anomaly, and Its Coexistence: A Review. | journal=Eur Neurol | year= 2020 | volume= 83 | issue= 4 | pages= 360-368 | pmid=32731220 | doi=10.1159/000508748 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32731220  }} </ref>
[[Clinical presentations]] of [[cavernous angioma]] vary depending on where the [[lesion]] is found. [[Symptom]]s include [[headache]], [[seizures]], [[hemorrhage]] and [[focal neurologic deficits]].


==What causes cavernous angioma?==
==What causes cavernous angioma?==


*The exact cause of cavernous angioma is still unknown.
*The exact cause of [[cavernous angioma]] is still unknown.


*However, it is believed that it usually develops as a form of compensation to the lack of normal vessels brought about by [[hypoplasia]], [[aplasia]], or early occlusion of newly formed-veins.<ref name="pmid27250700">{{cite journal| author=Aoki R, Srivatanakul K| title=Developmental Venous Anomaly: Benign or Not Benign. | journal=Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) | year= 2016 | volume= 56 | issue= 9 | pages= 534-43 | pmid=27250700 | doi=10.2176/nmc.ra.2016-0030 | pmc=5027236 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27250700  }} </ref><br />
*However, it is believed that it usually develops as a form of [[compensation]] to the lack of normal [[vessels]] brought about by [[hypoplasia]], [[aplasia]], or early occlusion of newly formed [[veins]].<br />


==Who is at highest risk?==
==Who is at highest risk?==
Patients with [[family history]] of [[cavernous angioma]] are at [[high risk]] of having this [[disease]]. [[Genetic testing]] is advised.


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
[[Imaging studies]], particularly [[magnetic resonance imaging]] ([[MRI]]) are usually used to detect [[cavernous angioma]].


==When to seek urgent medical care?==
==When to seek urgent medical care?==
If [[symptoms]] such as [[seizure]], [[headache]], or [[progressive neurologic deficit]] develop, immediate [[consultation]] should be done to evaluate for possible new [[bleeding]] or [[cavernous angioma]].


==Treatment options==
==[[Treatment]] options==
 
*[[Conservative management]]
*[[Surgical resection]]
*[[Stereotactic radiosurgery]]


==Where to find medical care for cavernous angioma?==
==Where to find medical care for cavernous angioma?==
Please proceed to the [[medical center]] for [[cavernous angioma]] nearest your place, which you can find [https://www.google.com/maps/search/hospitals/ here].


==Prevention==
==Prevention==
*[[Genetic testing]]
*Quit [[smoking]]
*Maintain normal [[vitamin D]] levels
*Regular monitoring of [[blood pressure]]
*Treat [[sleep apnea]]
*Receive yearly [[flu vaccine]]
*Be [[stress]]-free


==What to expect (outlook/perspective)==
==What to expect (outlook/perspective)==
[[Cavernous angioma]] is usually [[benign]] and does not produce [[life-threatening]] [[bleeding]].
==Possible [[complications]]==
*[[Bleeding]]
*[[Progressive neurologic deficit]]


==Possible complications==
==Sources==
[https://www.angioma.org/cavernous-angioma-in-depth/symptoms/hemorrhage/ Hemorrhage - Angioma Alliance]


==References==
[https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Cerebral-Cavernous-Malformation-Information-Page Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Information Page | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (nih.gov)]<br />
<br />


<references />
<references />

Latest revision as of 12:21, 11 March 2022

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.

Overview

Cavernous angiomas are vascular malformations with thin-walled endothelial-lining. It has two types: sporadic or familial with autosomal dominant inheritance.

What are the symptoms of cavernous angioma?

Clinical presentations of cavernous angioma vary depending on where the lesion is found. Symptoms include headache, seizures, hemorrhage and focal neurologic deficits.

What causes cavernous angioma?

Who is at highest risk?

Patients with family history of cavernous angioma are at high risk of having this disease. Genetic testing is advised.

Diagnosis

Imaging studies, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are usually used to detect cavernous angioma.

When to seek urgent medical care?

If symptoms such as seizure, headache, or progressive neurologic deficit develop, immediate consultation should be done to evaluate for possible new bleeding or cavernous angioma.

Treatment options

Where to find medical care for cavernous angioma?

Please proceed to the medical center for cavernous angioma nearest your place, which you can find here.

Prevention

What to expect (outlook/perspective)

Cavernous angioma is usually benign and does not produce life-threatening bleeding.

Possible complications

Sources

Hemorrhage - Angioma Alliance

Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Information Page | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (nih.gov)