Filariasis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Filariasis}} | {{Filariasis}} | ||
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{AEL}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AEL}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Filariasis patients appear toxic on presentation due to pain. They present with fever called filarial fever | Filariasis patients appear [[toxic]] on presentation due to [[pain]]. They present with [[fever]] called filarial fever. It is an acute self-limited fever present in the beginning of the disease. Edematous [[plaques]] may be observed and it is a sign of acute dermatolymphangioadenitis. In [[onchocerciasis]], [[blindness]] occurs and [[subcutaneous]] [[nodules]] may be found. [[Genitourinary]] manifestations are also observed in filariasis as [[hydrocele]], [[chyluria]], [[hematuria]] and [[Scrotal mass|scrotal]] [[elephantiasis]]. | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
===Appearance of the patient=== | ===Appearance of the patient=== | ||
*Patients with filariasis | *Patients with filariasis appear [[toxic]] due to [[pain]]. | ||
===Vital signs=== | ===Vital signs=== | ||
*Filarial fever | *[[Filarial]] [[fever]] is acute self limited fever and occurs in the beginning of the [[infection]]. | ||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
* Edematous plaques in acute phase of the disease as a sign of acute | * Edematous [[plaques]] in acute phase of the disease as a sign of acute dermato-lymphangioadenitis<ref name="pmid10674092">{{cite journal| author=Dreyer G, Medeiros Z, Netto MJ, Leal NC, de Castro LG, Piessens WF| title=Acute attacks in the extremities of persons living in an area endemic for bancroftian filariasis: differentiation of two syndromes. | journal=Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg | year= 1999 | volume= 93 | issue= 4 | pages= 413-7 | pmid=10674092 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10674092 }} </ref> | ||
* [[papule|Papular eruption]]s | * [[papule|Papular eruption]]s | ||
* Subcutaneous nodules in cases of onchocercomata | * [[Subcutaneous]] [[nodules]] in cases of [[Onchocercosis|onchocercomata]] | ||
===HEENT=== | ===HEENT=== | ||
* [[Blindness]] | * [[Blindness]] | ||
* Subconjunctival migration of an adult worm can be seen in [[Loiasis]] | * In [[Onchocerciasis]], the most serious manifestation consists of [[ocular]] lesions that can progress to [[blindness|blindness.]]<ref name="pmid21803313">{{cite journal| author=Chandy A, Thakur AS, Singh MP, Manigauha A| title=A review of neglected tropical diseases: filariasis. | journal=Asian Pac J Trop Med | year= 2011 | volume= 4 | issue= 7 | pages= 581-6 | pmid=21803313 | doi=10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60150-8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21803313 }} </ref> | ||
* [[Subconjunctival hemorrhage|Subconjunctival]] migration of an adult worm can be seen in [[Loiasis]]. | |||
===Lungs=== | ===Lungs=== | ||
* [[Rhonchi]] may be present in patients with | * [[Rhonchi]] may be present in patients with [[Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia|pulmonary tropical eosinophilia syndrome]]. | ||
===Abdomen=== | ===Abdomen=== | ||
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===Genitourinary=== | ===Genitourinary=== | ||
* [[Genitourinary]] signs that may be detected in filariasis patients:<ref name="pmid1621900">{{cite journal| author=Dreyer G, Ottesen EA, Galdino E, Andrade L, Rocha A, Medeiros Z et al.| title=Renal abnormalities in microfilaremic patients with Bancroftian filariasis. | journal=Am J Trop Med Hyg | year= 1992 | volume= 46 | issue= 6 | pages= 745-51 | pmid=1621900 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1621900 }} </ref> | |||
* [[Hydrocele]] | ** [[Hydrocele]] | ||
* Scrotal elephantiasis | ** [[Elephantiasis due to filaria|Scrotal elephantiasis]] | ||
* Chyluria as a result of leakage of the lymph into the urine | ** [[Chyluria]] as a result of leakage of the [[lymph]] into the [[urine]] | ||
* Hematuria | ** [[Hematuria]] | ||
* Proteinuria | ** [[Proteinuria]] | ||
===Other=== | ===Other=== | ||
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{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 21:46, 29 July 2020
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Filariasis Microchapters |
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Filariasis physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Filariasis physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Filariasis physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Filariasis patients appear toxic on presentation due to pain. They present with fever called filarial fever. It is an acute self-limited fever present in the beginning of the disease. Edematous plaques may be observed and it is a sign of acute dermatolymphangioadenitis. In onchocerciasis, blindness occurs and subcutaneous nodules may be found. Genitourinary manifestations are also observed in filariasis as hydrocele, chyluria, hematuria and scrotal elephantiasis.
Physical Examination
Appearance of the patient
Vital signs
Skin
- Edematous plaques in acute phase of the disease as a sign of acute dermato-lymphangioadenitis[1]
- Papular eruptions
- Subcutaneous nodules in cases of onchocercomata
HEENT
- Blindness
- In Onchocerciasis, the most serious manifestation consists of ocular lesions that can progress to blindness.[2]
- Subconjunctival migration of an adult worm can be seen in Loiasis.
Lungs
- Rhonchi may be present in patients with pulmonary tropical eosinophilia syndrome.
Abdomen
Extremities
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary signs that may be detected in filariasis patients:[3]
- Hydrocele
- Scrotal elephantiasis
- Chyluria as a result of leakage of the lymph into the urine
- Hematuria
- Proteinuria
Other
References
- ↑ Dreyer G, Medeiros Z, Netto MJ, Leal NC, de Castro LG, Piessens WF (1999). "Acute attacks in the extremities of persons living in an area endemic for bancroftian filariasis: differentiation of two syndromes". Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 93 (4): 413–7. PMID 10674092.
- ↑ Chandy A, Thakur AS, Singh MP, Manigauha A (2011). "A review of neglected tropical diseases: filariasis". Asian Pac J Trop Med. 4 (7): 581–6. doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60150-8. PMID 21803313.
- ↑ Dreyer G, Ottesen EA, Galdino E, Andrade L, Rocha A, Medeiros Z; et al. (1992). "Renal abnormalities in microfilaremic patients with Bancroftian filariasis". Am J Trop Med Hyg. 46 (6): 745–51. PMID 1621900.