Croup epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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{{Croup}} | {{Croup}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Croup is | Annually, the incidence of croup is approximately 532/100,000 individuals, peaking in the fall of each year. Croup is primarily found in children between 6 months and 6 years of age, but rare cases have been reported in children as young as 3 months and as old as 15 years. Males are 1.5 times more likely to develop croup. Croup is found more often in developing countries due to the larger proportion of children in the populations, as well as the higher proportion of [[malnutrition]] and vitamin deficiency. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Incidence=== | |||
*On an annual basis, the incidence of croup is approximately 532/100,000 individuals, 3% of children under 5 years old worldwide.<ref name="pmid19445760">{{cite journal |vauthors=Johnson D |title=Croup |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2009 |issue= |pages= |year=2009 |pmid=19445760 |pmc=2907784 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlThe World Factbook">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ |title=The World Factbook |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
*Cases of croup usually peak in the fall on an annual basis from [[human parainfluenza virus]] [[serotype]] 2 and biannually from [[human parainfluenza virus]] [[serotype]] 1.<ref name="urlHuman Parainfluenza Viruses | HPIV Seasons | CDC">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/parainfluenza/seasons.html |title=Human Parainfluenza Viruses | HPIV Seasons | CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
===Age=== | |||
*Croup is primarily found in children between the ages of 6 months and 6 years.<ref name="Cherry2008">{{cite journal|last1=Cherry|first1=James D.|title=Croup|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=358|issue=4|year=2008|pages=384–391|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMcp072022}}</ref> | |||
**Croup accounts for approximately 5% of hospital admissions of children within that age range.<ref name="pmid19445760">{{cite journal |vauthors=Johnson D |title=Croup |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2009 |issue= |pages= |year=2009 |pmid=19445760 |pmc=2907784 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Rare cases may occur in children as young as 3 months and as old as 15 years.<ref name="pmid19445760">{{cite journal |vauthors=Johnson D |title=Croup |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2009 |issue= |pages= |year=2009 |pmid=19445760 |pmc=2907784 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Gender=== | |||
*Males are affected by croup more frequently than females, at a ratio of 1.5 to 1.<ref name="Cherry2008">{{cite journal|last1=Cherry|first1=James D.|title=Croup|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=358|issue=4|year=2008|pages=384–391|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMcp072022}}</ref> | |||
===Race=== | |||
*There is no racial predilection to croup. | |||
===Developing countries=== | |||
*Croup is more common in developing countries due to the following:<ref name="pmid1862276">{{cite journal |vauthors=Berman S |title=Epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children of developing countries |journal=Rev. Infect. Dis. |volume=13 Suppl 6 |issue= |pages=S454–62 |year=1991 |pmid=1862276 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
**Larger proportion of children between 6 months and 6 years old in populations. | |||
**Larger proportion of [[malnutrition]] and vitamin deficiency. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:30, 18 September 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
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Overview
Annually, the incidence of croup is approximately 532/100,000 individuals, peaking in the fall of each year. Croup is primarily found in children between 6 months and 6 years of age, but rare cases have been reported in children as young as 3 months and as old as 15 years. Males are 1.5 times more likely to develop croup. Croup is found more often in developing countries due to the larger proportion of children in the populations, as well as the higher proportion of malnutrition and vitamin deficiency.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- On an annual basis, the incidence of croup is approximately 532/100,000 individuals, 3% of children under 5 years old worldwide.[1][2]
- Cases of croup usually peak in the fall on an annual basis from human parainfluenza virus serotype 2 and biannually from human parainfluenza virus serotype 1.[3]
Age
- Croup is primarily found in children between the ages of 6 months and 6 years.[4]
- Croup accounts for approximately 5% of hospital admissions of children within that age range.[1]
- Rare cases may occur in children as young as 3 months and as old as 15 years.[1]
Gender
- Males are affected by croup more frequently than females, at a ratio of 1.5 to 1.[4]
Race
- There is no racial predilection to croup.
Developing countries
- Croup is more common in developing countries due to the following:[5]
- Larger proportion of children between 6 months and 6 years old in populations.
- Larger proportion of malnutrition and vitamin deficiency.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Johnson D (2009). "Croup". BMJ Clin Evid. 2009. PMC 2907784. PMID 19445760.
- ↑ "The World Factbook".
- ↑ "Human Parainfluenza Viruses | HPIV Seasons | CDC".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cherry, James D. (2008). "Croup". New England Journal of Medicine. 358 (4): 384–391. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp072022. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Berman S (1991). "Epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children of developing countries". Rev. Infect. Dis. 13 Suppl 6: S454–62. PMID 1862276.