Sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: ; Maneesha Nandimandalam, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors include preterm birth, high gonadotrophin levels, increasing age at first pregnancy, obese and non-white women
Risk Factors
There is very little data regarding the risk factors of sexcord-stromal ovarian tumors, however given below are some of the important risk factors for the development of sexcord-stromal ovarian tumors:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Preterm birth is a risk factor for developing sex cord-stromal tumors
- High gonadotropin levels in preterm girls could mediate disease risk by the proliferative and steroidogenic effects of FSH and LH on granulosa and theca cells
- Maternal sex-cord stromal tumors are associated with high levels of androgens during pregnancy ( indicating that elevated androgens may also play a role in the pathogenesis of sex-cord stromal tumors)
- Pregnancy is a risk factor especially with increasing age at first term pregnancy
- There is evidence suggesting that granulosa cell tumors are more likely to occur in: [6]
- Nonwhite
- Obese
- Women with family history of breast or ovarian cancer
References
- ↑ Sieh W, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Winkleby MA, Crump C (May 2014). "Intrauterine factors and risk of nonepithelial ovarian cancers". Gynecol. Oncol. 133 (2): 293–7. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.02.007. PMC 4006291. PMID 24530563.
- ↑ Chen T, Surcel HM, Lundin E, Kaasila M, Lakso HA, Schock H, Kaaks R, Koskela P, Grankvist K, Hallmans G, Pukkala E, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Toniolo P, Lehtinen M, Lukanova A (February 2011). "Circulating sex steroids during pregnancy and maternal risk of non-epithelial ovarian cancer". Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 20 (2): 324–36. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0857. PMC 3082204. PMID 21177423.
- ↑ Horn-Ross PL, Whittemore AS, Harris R, Itnyre J (November 1992). "Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk: collaborative analysis of 12 U.S. case-control studies. VI. Nonepithelial cancers among adults. Collaborative Ovarian Cancer Group". Epidemiology. 3 (6): 490–5. PMID 1329996.
- ↑ Greggi S, Parazzini F, Paratore MP, Chatenoud L, Legge F, Mancuso S, La Vecchia C (October 2000). "Risk factors for ovarian cancer in central Italy". Gynecol. Oncol. 79 (1): 50–4. doi:10.1006/gyno.2000.5909. PMID 11006030.
- ↑ Zheng G, Yu H, Kanerva A, Försti A, Sundquist K, Hemminki K (2018). "Familial risks of ovarian cancer by age at diagnosis, proband type and histology". PLoS ONE. 13 (10): e0205000. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205000. PMC 6169923. PMID 30281663.
- ↑ Boyce EA, Costaggini I, Vitonis A, Feltmate C, Muto M, Berkowitz R, Cramer D, Horowitz NS (November 2009). "The epidemiology of ovarian granulosa cell tumors: a case-control study". Gynecol. Oncol. 115 (2): 221–5. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.06.040. PMID 19664811.