Sandbox fungal meningitis

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Meningitis Main Page

Patient Information

Overview

Causes

Classification

Viral Meningitis
Bacterial Meningitis
Fungal Meningitis

Differential Diagnosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ;Sheng Shi, M.D. [2]


fungal meningitis

Blastomyces

Blastomyces
Preferred Regimen
Liposomal amphotericin B 5 mg/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks
Followed By
Fluconazole 800 mg/day PO
OR
Itraconazole 200 mg PO bid or tid
OR
Voriconazole 200–400 mg IV q12h


Candidiasis

Candidiasis
Preferred Regimen
lipid-based ampho B 3–5 mg/kg/day
PLUS OR NOT
5-Fluorocytosine 25 mg/kg PO qid
Alternative Regimen
Fluconazole 400–800 mg (6–12 mg/kg) IV or PO


Histoplasma

Histoplasma
Preferred Regimen
Liposomal ampho B 5 mg/kg/d, for a total of 175 mg/kg over 4-6 wk
Followed By
Itraconazole 200 mg/day PO bid or tid for at least 12 month


Coccidioides[1]

Coccidioides
Preferred Regimen
FLuconazole 400 mg/day PO
OR
Itraconazole 400–600 mg/day PO


Cryptococcus HIV/AIDS[2]

Cryptococcus, HIV/AIDS
Induction Phrase(for 2 wks)
Amphotericin B deoxycholate 0.7 mg/kg/day IV
PLUS
5-Fluorocytosine 100 mg/kg/day PO
Consolidation phase(for 8 wks)
Fluconazole 400 mg/day PO
OR
Itraconazole 400 mg/day PO
Maintenance phase
Fluconazole 200 mg/day PO


Cryptococcus Immunocompetent[3]

Cryptococcus, Immunocompetent
Induction Phrase(for 2 wks)
Amphotericin B 0.7-1 mg/kg/day IV
OR
Liposomal amphotericin B 5 mg/kg/day PO
PLUS
5-Fluorocytosine 25 mg/kg PO q6h
Consolidation phase(for 8 wks)
Fluconazole 400 mg/day PO qd
Maintenance phase(for 12 mo)
Fluconazole 200 mg PO qd



Viral Meningitis[4]

Herpes simplex Meningitis
Preferred Regimen
Aciclovir IV
OR
Valaciclovir PO


Parasitic Meningitis

Angiostrongyliasis

Angiostrongyliasis
Preferred Regimen
albendazole 60 kg or greater: 400 mg twice daily PO with

meals
OR
less than 60 kg:7.5 mg/kg PO bid with meals (maximum total daily dose 800 mg)

Amebic meningoencephalitis

Amebic meningoencephalitis
Preferred Regimen
Miltefosine

Eosinophilic myeloencephalitis, Meningitis

Eosinophilic myeloencephalitis, Meningitis
Preferred Regimen
albendazole


Toxoplasma gondii, Meningitis

Toxoplasma gondii, Meningitis
Preferred Regimen
albendazole

M. tuberculosis Meningitis Adapted from Treatment of Tuberculosis guidelines[5]

M. tuberculosis
Rifampicin 8-12 mg/kg/day PO daily max: 600mg
OR
8-12mg/kg/day PO 3 times per week x:600mg
PLUS
Isoniazid 4-6 mg/kg/day PO daily max: 300mg
OR
8-12mg/kg/day PO 3 times per week daily max:900mg
PLUS
Pyrazinamide 20-30 mg/kg/day PO
OR
30-40mg/kg/day PO 3 times per week
PLUS
Streptomycin 12-18 mg/kg/day IM
OR
25-35mg/kg/day PO 3 times per week daily max:1000mg
Continuation Phase
Rifampicin 8-12 mg/kg/day PO daily max: 600mg
OR
8-12mg/kg/day PO 3 times per week daily max:600mg
PLUS
Isoniazid 4-6 mg/kg/day PO daily max: 300mg
OR
8-12mg/kg/day PO 3 times per week daily max:900mg

References

  1. Galgiani JN, Ampel NM, Blair JE, Catanzaro A, Johnson RH, Stevens DA et al. (2005) Coccidioidomycosis. Clin Infect Dis 41 (9):1217-23. DOI:10.1086/496991 PMID: 16206093
  2. Antinori S (2013) New Insights into HIV/AIDS-Associated Cryptococcosis. ISRN AIDS 2013 ():471363.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/471363 DOI:10.1155/2013/471363] PMID: 24052889
  3. Jackson A, van der Horst C (2012) New insights in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 9 (3):267-77. DOI:10.1007/s11904-012-0127-7 PMID: 22763808
  4. Studahl M, Lindquist L, Eriksson BM, Günther G, Bengner M, Franzen-Röhl E et al. (2013) Acute viral infections of the central nervous system in immunocompetent adults: diagnosis and management. Drugs 73 (2):131-58. DOI:10.1007/s40265-013-0007-5 PMID: 23377760
  5. "http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241547833_eng.pdf?ua=1" (PDF). Retrieved 22 January 2014. External link in |title= (help)