SOS1

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
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View/Edit Human

Son of sevenless homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOS1 gene.[1][2]

Function

RAS genes (e.g., MIM 190020) encode membrane-bound guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that function in the transduction of signals that control cell growth and differentiation. Binding of GTP activates RAS proteins, and subsequent hydrolysis of the bound GTP to GDP and phosphate inactivates signaling by these proteins. GTP binding can be catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors for RAS, and GTP hydrolysis can be accelerated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). The first exchange factor to be identified for RAS was the S. cerevisiae CDC25 gene product. Genetic analysis indicated that CDC25 is essential for activation of RAS proteins. In Drosophila, the protein encoded by the 'son of sevenless' gene (Sos) contains a domain that shows sequence similarity with the catalytic domain of CDC25. Sos may act as a positive regulator of RAS by promoting guanine nucleotide exchange.[supplied by OMIM][3]

Clinical significance

Recent studies also show that mutations in Sos1 can cause Noonan syndrome[4] and hereditary gingival fibromatosis type 1.[5] Noonan syndrome has also been shown to be caused by mutations in KRAS and PTPN11 genes.[6] activators of the MAP kinase pathway.

Interactions

SOS1 has been shown to interact with:

See also

References

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  2. Xiao S, Wang X, Qu B, Yang M, Liu G, Bu L, Wang Y, Zhu L, Lei H, Hu L, Zhang X, Liu J, Zhao G, Kong X (November 2000). "Refinement of the locus for autosomal dominant hereditary gingival fibromatosis (GINGF) to a 3.8-cM region on 2p21". Genomics. 68 (3): 247–52. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6285. PMID 10995566.
  3. "Entrez Gene: SOS1 son of sevenless homolog 1 (Drosophila)".
  4. Roberts AE, Araki T, Swanson KD, Montgomery KT, Schiripo TA, Joshi VA, Li L, Yassin Y, Tamburino AM, Neel BG, Kucherlapati RS (January 2007). "Germline gain-of-function mutations in SOS1 cause Noonan syndrome". Nat. Genet. 39 (1): 70–4. doi:10.1038/ng1926. PMID 17143285.
  5. Hart TC, Zhang Y, Gorry MC, Hart PS, Cooper M, Marazita ML, Marks JM, Cortelli JR, Pallos D (April 2002). "A mutation in the SOS1 gene causes hereditary gingival fibromatosis type 1". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 70 (4): 943–54. doi:10.1086/339689. PMC 379122. PMID 11868160.
  6. Tartaglia M, Mehler EL, Goldberg R, Zampino G, Brunner HG, Kremer H, van der Burgt I, Crosby AH, Ion A, Jeffery S, Kalidas K, Patton MA, Kucherlapati RS, Gelb BD (December 2001). "Mutations in PTPN11, encoding the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, cause Noonan syndrome". Nat. Genet. 29 (4): 465–8. doi:10.1038/ng772. PMID 11704759.
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Further reading

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.