Pyonephrosis causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Harsh Vardhan Chawla, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Pyonephrosis is commonly caused by bacteria such as Enterococcus spp., K. pneumoniae, Candida spp., S. aureus, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa and Group B Streptococcus. The accumulation of pus combined with inability to drain due to obstruction results in pyonephrosis. Risk factors include immunosuppression, local factors of the genitourinary tract like nephrolithiasis, pregnancy, tumors etc.
Causes
- Pyonephrosis is commonly caused by bacteria as well as fungi like, Enterococcus spp., K. pneumoniae, Candida spp., S. aureus, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa and Group B Streptococcus.[1]
- Accumulation of pus as a result of an ongoing upper urinary tract infection (acute pyelonephritis) combined with inability to drain due to obstruction of the renal collecting system results in pyonephrosis.
Risk factors
- Immunosuppression e.g., diabetes mellitus, AIDS, renal failure, renal transplantation.
- Local factors that compromise the genitourinary tract, like nephrolithiasis, congenital obstructing lesions, neurogenic bladder, pregnancy, tumors, long-term indwelling catheters, genitourinary procedures.[2][3][4]
References
- ↑ Flores-Mireles AL, Walker JN, Caparon M, Hultgren SJ (2015). "Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options". Nat Rev Microbiol. 13 (5): 269–84. doi:10.1038/nrmicro3432. PMC 4457377. PMID 25853778.
- ↑ Patodia M, Goel A, Singh V, Singh BP, Sinha RJ, Kumar M; et al. (2017). "Are there any predictors of pyonephrosis in patients with renal calculus disease?". Urolithiasis. 45 (4): 415–420. doi:10.1007/s00240-016-0933-2. PMID 27822582.
- ↑ Wang X, Tang K, Xia D, Peng E, Li R, Liu H; et al. (2020). "A novel comprehensive predictive model for obstructive pyonephrosis patients with upper urinary tract stones". Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 13 (11): 2758–2766. PMC 7716127 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 33284898 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Tamburrini S, Lugarà M, Iannuzzi M, Cesaro E, De Simone F, Del Biondo D; et al. (2021). "Pyonephrosis Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Features: A Pictorial Review". Diagnostics (Basel). 11 (2). doi:10.3390/diagnostics11020331. PMC 7921924 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 33671431 Check|pmid=value (help).