Primary amyloidosis epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]

Overview

There are approximately 4000 new cases of AL amyloidosis annually in the United States, though actual incidence may be somewhat higher as a result of under-diagnosis. While the incidence is thought to be equal in males and females, about 60% of patients referred to amyloid centers are male. AL amyloidosis has been reported in individuals as young as 20 years of age but is typically diagnosed at about age 50-65.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • The incidence of amyloidosis is approximately 1.2 per 100,000 individuals per year worldwide.[1]
  • The incidence of AL amyloidosis in USA ranged from 1 per 100,000 to 1.4 per 100,000 from 2007 to 2015.[2]
  • Transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis is endemic in Portuguese locations Póvoa de Varzim and Vila do Conde (Caxinas), with more than 1000 affected people, coming from about 500 families, where 70% of the people develop the illness. In northern Sweden, more specifically Piteå, Skellefteå and Umeå, 1.5% of the population has the mutated gene. There are many other populations in the world who exhibit the illness after having developed it independently.

Prevalence

  • The prevalence of AL in USA amyloidosis increased significantly between 2007 and 2015, from 1.6 per 100,000 in 2007 to 4.0 per 100,000 in 2015.[3]

Mortality rate

  • The mortality rate of systemic amyloidosis is approximately 100 per 100,000 deaths in developed countries.[4]

Age

  • In amyloidosis, the mean age of presentation is 55-60 years.[5]

Race

  • Hereditary amyloidosis subtypes include a substitution of an amino acid that is detected in approximately 4% of the black population.[6]

Gender

  • Men are more commonly affected by amyloidosis than women.[7]


References

  1. Khan MF, Falk RH (November 2001). "Amyloidosis". Postgrad Med J. 77 (913): 686–93. PMC 1742163. PMID 11677276.
  2. Quock TP, Yan T, Chang E, Guthrie S, Broder MS (May 2018). "Epidemiology of AL amyloidosis: a real-world study using US claims data". Blood Adv. 2 (10): 1046–1053. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018016402. PMC 5965052. PMID 29748430.
  3. Quock TP, Yan T, Chang E, Guthrie S, Broder MS (May 2018). "Epidemiology of AL amyloidosis: a real-world study using US claims data". Blood Adv. 2 (10): 1046–1053. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018016402. PMC 5965052. PMID 29748430.
  4. Pepys MB (2006). "Amyloidosis". Annu. Rev. Med. 57: 223–41. doi:10.1146/annurev.med.57.121304.131243. PMID 16409147.
  5. Shin YM (March 2011). "Hepatic amyloidosis". Korean J Hepatol. 17 (1): 80–3. doi:10.3350/kjhep.2011.17.1.80. PMC 3304630. PMID 21494083.
  6. Khan MF, Falk RH (November 2001). "Amyloidosis". Postgrad Med J. 77 (913): 686–93. PMC 1742163. PMID 11677276.
  7. Shin YM (March 2011). "Hepatic amyloidosis". Korean J Hepatol. 17 (1): 80–3. doi:10.3350/kjhep.2011.17.1.80. PMC 3304630. PMID 21494083.

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