Myocarditis echocardiography and ultrasound
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Varun Kumar M.B.B.S.; Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2] Homa Najafi, M.D.[3]
Overview
Echocardiography in patients with myocarditis allows for serial assessment of left ventricular dysfunction and can be used to distinguish fulminant (non-dilated hypocontractile left ventricle with thick interventricular septum) from acute myocarditis (dilated hypocontractile left ventricle with normal interventricular septum). Echocardiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of myocarditis. Findings on an echocardiography suggestive of myocarditis include wall motion abnormalities, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, changes in image texture, pericardial effusion, and functional regurgitation through the AV valves.
Echocardiography
Echocardiography
- Echocardiography may be helpful in exclusion of non-inflammatory cardiac diseases.
- Echocardiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of myocarditis. Findings on an echocardiography suggestive of myocarditis include:[1][2][3][4]
- Wall motion abnormalities
- Systolic dysfunction
- Diastolic dysfunction
- Changes in image texture on echocardiogram (increase in brightness, heterogeneity, and contrast)
- Pericardial effusion may be noted
- Functional regurgitation through the AV valves may be noted due to ventricular dilation
- Cardiac function may be monitored via serial echocardiograms. In general, left ventricular function improves in fulminant myocarditis over a course of approximately 6 months.
Fulminant Versus Acute Myocarditis on Echocardiography
- Fulminant myocarditis appears as a non-dilated, thickened and hypocontractile left ventricle with increased septal thickness while, acute myocarditis is associated with marked left ventricular dilation, normal septal thickness, and decreased ventricular function.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Felker GM, Boehmer JP, Hruban RH, Hutchins GM, Kasper EK, Baughman KL; et al. (2000). "Echocardiographic findings in fulminant and acute myocarditis". J Am Coll Cardiol. 36 (1): 227–32. PMID 10898439.
- ↑ Pinamonti B, Alberti E, Cigalotto A, Dreas L, Salvi A, Silvestri F; et al. (1988). "Echocardiographic findings in myocarditis". Am J Cardiol. 62 (4): 285–91. PMID 3400607.
- ↑ James KB, Lee K, Thomas JD, Hobbs RE, Rincon G, Bott-Silverman C; et al. (1994). "Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in lymphocytic myocarditis as assessed by Doppler echocardiography". Am J Cardiol. 73 (4): 282–5. PMID 8296760.
- ↑ Lieback E, Hardouin I, Meyer R, Bellach J, Hetzer R (1996). "Clinical value of echocardiographic tissue characterization in the diagnosis of myocarditis". Eur Heart J. 17 (1): 135–42. PMID 8682119.