Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[3] Muhammad Saad, M.B.B.S.[4]
Overview
The majority of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance are asymptomatic. Patients with MGUS have no symptoms of myeloma or related malignancy that can be attributable to their monoclonal protein. MGUS commonly arises during evaluation for one of a variety of clinical symptoms and disorders that include peripheral neuropathy, vasculitis, hemolytic anemia, skin rashes, hypercalcemia, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It is often an incidental finding on protein electrophoresis.
History and Symptoms
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance patients are mostly asymptomatic. Discovered often incidentally during diagnosis of other organic diseases, there are usually no history or symptoms at all.[1]Following symptoms warrant testing of M protein for MGUS:[2][3][4]
- Unexplained anemia
- Bone pain, fractures
- Kidney dysfunction
- Recurrent infections
- Unintentional weight loss
- Fatigue
- Night sweats
- End-organ manifestations that aren't explained by Multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, and lymphoma.
References
- ↑ Therneau TM, Kyle RA, Melton LJ, Larson DR, Benson JT, Colby CL, Dispenzieri A, Kumar S, Katzmann JA, Cerhan JR, Rajkumar SV (November 2012). "Incidence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and estimation of duration before first clinical recognition". Mayo Clin. Proc. 87 (11): 1071–9. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.06.014. PMC 3541934. PMID 22883742.
- ↑ Mundy GR (October 1997). "Mechanisms of bone metastasis". Cancer. 80 (8 Suppl): 1546–56. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19971015)80:8+<1546::aid-cncr4>3.3.co;2-r. PMID 9362421.
- ↑ Bruns I, Cadeddu RP, Brueckmann I, Fröbel J, Geyh S, Büst S, Fischer JC, Roels F, Wilk CM, Schildberg FA, Hünerlitürkoglu AN, Zilkens C, Jäger M, Steidl U, Zohren F, Fenk R, Kobbe G, Brors B, Czibere A, Schroeder T, Trumpp A, Haas R (September 2012). "Multiple myeloma-related deregulation of bone marrow-derived CD34(+) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells". Blood. 120 (13): 2620–30. doi:10.1182/blood-2011-04-347484. PMID 22517906.
- ↑ Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A, Blade J, Merlini G, Mateos MV, Kumar S, Hillengass J, Kastritis E, Richardson P, Landgren O, Paiva B, Dispenzieri A, Weiss B, LeLeu X, Zweegman S, Lonial S, Rosinol L, Zamagni E, Jagannath S, Sezer O, Kristinsson SY, Caers J, Usmani SZ, Lahuerta JJ, Johnsen HE, Beksac M, Cavo M, Goldschmidt H, Terpos E, Kyle RA, Anderson KC, Durie BG, Miguel JF (November 2014). "International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma". Lancet Oncol. 15 (12): e538–48. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70442-5. PMID 25439696.