IL1B

Interleukin 1, beta
File:PBB Protein IL1B image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1hib.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1hib​, 1i1b​, 1iob​, 1itb​, 1l2h​, 1s0l​, 1t4q​, 1too​, 1tp0​, 1twe​, 1twm​, 21bi​, 2i1b​, 2nvh​, 31bi​, 41bi​, 4i1b​, 5i1b​, 6i1b​, 7i1b​, 9ilb​
Identifiers
Symbols	IL1B ; IL-1; IL1-BETA; IL1F2
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 481
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Interleukin 1, beta, also known as IL1B, is a human gene. Interleukin-1 beta is a cytokine. IL-1β precursor is cleaved by caspase 1 (interleukin 1 beta convertase). Cytosolic thiol protease cleaves the product to form mature IL-1β.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) by this cytokine in the central nervous system (CNS) is found to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2.

Further reading

• Smirnova MG, Kiselev SL, Gnuchev NV; et al. (2003). "Role of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in the pathogenesis of the otitis media with effusion". Eur. Cytokine Netw. 13 (2): 161–72. PMID 12101072.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Griffin WS, Mrak RE (2002). "Interleukin-1 in the genesis and progression of and risk for development of neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease". J. Leukoc. Biol. 72 (2): 233–8. PMID 12149413.
• Arend WP (2003). "The balance between IL-1 and IL-1Ra in disease". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13 (4–5): 323–40. PMID 12220547.
• Chakravorty M, Ghosh A, Choudhury A; et al. (2004). "Ethnic differences in allele distribution for the IL8 and IL1B genes in populations from eastern India". Hum. Biol. 76 (1): 153–9. PMID 15222686.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 87–94. PMID 15638726.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Maruyama Y, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B (2005). "Role of interleukin-1beta in the development of malnutrition in chronic renal failure patients". Blood Purif. 23 (4): 275–81. doi:10.1159/000086012. PMID 15925866.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Roy D, Sarkar S, Felty Q (2006). "Levels of IL-1 beta control stimulatory/inhibitory growth of cancer cells". Front. Biosci. 11: 889–98. PMID 16146780.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Copeland KF (2006). "Modulation of HIV-1 transcription by cytokines and chemokines". Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry. 5 (12): 1093–101. PMID 16375755.
• Prinz C, Schwendy S, Voland P (2006). "H pylori and gastric cancer: shifting the global burden". World J. Gastroenterol. 12 (34): 5458–64. PMID 17006981.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kamangar F, Cheng C, Abnet CC, Rabkin CS (2007). "Interleukin-1B polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk--a meta-analysis". Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 15 (10): 1920–8. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0267. PMID 17035400.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)