Gonadoblastoma natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[2]

Overview

Gonadoblastoma per se is a benign tumor, however, it has the capacity to convert to dysgerminoma or other more malignant germ cell tumors and produce steroids with resultant virilization. Prognosis is generally excellent after removing the tumor.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

• Gonadoblastoma usually develops in the first and second decades of life.
• If complicated by an invasive germ cell tumor, then prognosis depends on the staging of the tumor.
• It is usually diagnosed during a workup for sex organ developmental disorders, primary amenorrhea, and/or virilization.

Complications

• Common complications of gonadoblastoma include:
  • Dysgerminoma
  • Seminoma
  • Other gonadal malignancies

Prognosis

• Prognosis is generally excellent if the tumor is diagnosed and removed early.
• Depending on the presence of the coexisting germinal tumors at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary.