Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]
Overview
Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
OR
Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
OR
The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].
OR
The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually normal except there are signs of fluid overload if the disease progress to end-stage renal failure.[1]
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis usually appear lethargic
Vital Signs
- Afebrile
- High blood pressure with normal pulse pressure
Skin
- Skin examination of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually normal
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually normal
- Swelling of periorbital sometimes resulting in swollen-shut eyelids
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually normal
- Jugular venous distension is seen in fluid overload
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually normal, however, if there is fluid overload, following signs are seen:
- Lungs are hyporesonant
- Fine/coarse crackles upon auscultation of the lung bases bilaterally
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually normal
Abdomen
Back
- Back examination of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually normal
Genitourinary
- Signs of fluid overload can be seen which includes:
- Scrotal edema
- Vulvar edema
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually normal
Extremities
- Pitting/non-pitting edema of the upper and lower extremitiesdue to fluid overload
References
- ↑ D'Agati VD, Kaskel FJ, Falk RJ (December 2011). "Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis". N. Engl. J. Med. 365 (25): 2398–411. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1106556. PMID 22187987.