Chronic lymphocytic leukemia pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shalinder Singh, M.B.B.S.[2] Haytham Allaham, M.D. [3]

Overview

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia arises from pre-follicular, center B cells, that are normally involved in the process of human immunoglobulin production. Development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the result of multiple genetic mutations that promote both malignant leukemic proliferation and apoptotic resistance of mature B cells. Structural genetic mutations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include chromosome 13q deletion, chromosome 17p deletion, and chromosome 11q deletion. On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include small lymphoid cells, thin cytoplasmic border, lack of nucleolus, and the presence of smudge cells.


Pathogenesis

Immunology

Cytogenetics

Molecular Genetics

  • The type of the genetic mutation is considered one of the important factors that determine the optimal management protocol of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients.

Microscopic Pathology

  • Illustrated below is a series of microscopic images observed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia:

References

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