Castleman's disease natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

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Complications

• Life threatening infections
• Multi organ failure
• Kaposi sarcoma
• Lymphoma
• Death

Prognosis

• Prior to 1996 MCD carried a poor prognosis of about 2 years, due to autoimmune hemolytic anemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which may arise as a result of proliferation of infected cells. The timing of diagnosis, with particular attention to the difficulty of determining the cause of B symptoms without a CT scan and lymph node biopsy, may impact significantly on the prognosis and risk of death. Left untreated, MCD usually gets worse and becomes increasingly difficult and unresponsive to current treatment regimens.
• HIV patients with multicentric disease have a grave prognosis. They have a less favorable clinical course and tend to develop Kaposi sarcoma and even plasmablastic non-Hodgkin lymphoma.