Anti-nuclear antibody

(Redirected from Anti-nuclear antibodies)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

WikiDoc Resources for Anti-nuclear antibody

Articles

Most recent articles on Anti-nuclear antibody

Most cited articles on Anti-nuclear antibody

Review articles on Anti-nuclear antibody

Articles on Anti-nuclear antibody in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Anti-nuclear antibody

Images of Anti-nuclear antibody

Photos of Anti-nuclear antibody

Podcasts & MP3s on Anti-nuclear antibody

Videos on Anti-nuclear antibody

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Anti-nuclear antibody

Bandolier on Anti-nuclear antibody

TRIP on Anti-nuclear antibody

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Anti-nuclear antibody at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Anti-nuclear antibody

Clinical Trials on Anti-nuclear antibody at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Anti-nuclear antibody

NICE Guidance on Anti-nuclear antibody

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Anti-nuclear antibody

CDC on Anti-nuclear antibody

Books

Books on Anti-nuclear antibody

News

Anti-nuclear antibody in the news

Be alerted to news on Anti-nuclear antibody

News trends on Anti-nuclear antibody

Commentary

Blogs on Anti-nuclear antibody

Definitions

Definitions of Anti-nuclear antibody

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Anti-nuclear antibody

Discussion groups on Anti-nuclear antibody

Patient Handouts on Anti-nuclear antibody

Directions to Hospitals Treating Anti-nuclear antibody

Risk calculators and risk factors for Anti-nuclear antibody

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Anti-nuclear antibody

Causes & Risk Factors for Anti-nuclear antibody

Diagnostic studies for Anti-nuclear antibody

Treatment of Anti-nuclear antibody

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Anti-nuclear antibody

International

Anti-nuclear antibody en Espanol

Anti-nuclear antibody en Francais

Business

Anti-nuclear antibody in the Marketplace

Patents on Anti-nuclear antibody

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Anti-nuclear antibody

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]


Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs, also known as anti-nuclear factor or ANF) are antibodies present in higher than normal numbers in autoimmune disease. The ANA test measures the pattern and amount of autoantibody which can attack the body's tissues as if they were foreign material. Autoantibodies are present in low titres in the general population, but in about 5% of the population, their concentration is increased, and about half of this 5% have an autoimmune disease.

Autoimmunity

Normal titer of ANA is 1:40. Higher titers are indicative of an autoimmune disease. The presence of ANA is indicative of lupus erythematosus (present in 80-90% of cases), though they also appear in some other auto-immune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome (60%), rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune hepatitis, scleroderma and polymyositis & dermatomyositis (30%), and various non-rheumatological conditions associated with tissue damage. ANA are also directed to the nuclear pore complex in primary biliary cirrhosis. Other conditions with high ANA titre include Addison disease, Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), Hashimoto's, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Type I diabetes mellitus, Mixed connective tissue disorder.

Antinuclear antibodies

Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are unusual antibodies, detectable in the blood, that have the capability of binding to certain structures within the nucleus of the cells. The nucleus contains DNA, the genetic material. ANAs are found in patients whose immune system may be predisposed to cause inflammation against their own body tissues. Antibodies that are directed against one's own tissues are referred to as auto-antibodies. The propensity for the immune system to work against its own body is why ANAs indicate the possible presence of autoimmunity and provide, therefore, an indication for doctors to consider the possibility of autoimmune illness.

Following detection of a high titer of ANAs (e.g. 1:160), various subtypes are determined.[1] This is typically done on cells of the HEp-2 cell line. Examples include:

History

The LE cell was discovered in bone marrow in 1948 by Hargraves et al.[2] This was the first indication that processes affecting the cell nucleus were responsible for lupus erythematosus (LE). In the 1950s, progressively more sensitive and specific ANA serology tests became available.

See also

References

  1. Kavanaugh A, Tomar R, Reveille J, Solomon DH, Homburger HA. Guidelines for clinical use of the antinuclear antibody test and tests for specific autoantibodies to nuclear antigens. American College of Pathologists. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000;124:71-81. PMID 10629135.
  2. Hargraves M, Richmond H, Morton R. Presentation of two bone marrow components, the tart cell and the LE cell. Mayo Clin Proc 1948;27:25–28.

External links

Template:Autoantibodies


de:Antinukleärer Antikörper id:Antibodi anti-nuklear nl:Antinucleaire antistof

Template:WH Template:WS