Anemia of chronic disease diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[3]
Overview
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for test that will reliably make the diagnosis of ACD.
Diagnostic study of choice
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for test that will reliably make the diagnosis of ACD. In some cases, specific testing such as rheumatologic assays or serological tests can give insight into the underlying chronic inflammatory process that leads to ACD. For example, a female patient with anemia and multisystem symptoms should undergo laboratory testing including anti-nuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP, anti-dsDNA, anti-Ro, anti-La.[1] In experimental cases, interleukin (IL)-6 levels and hepcidin levels can be measured, but this is not commonly used in clinical practice. In theory, both IL-6 and hepcidin will be increased in patients with ACD.[1][2] Other laboratory tests that are helpful in the diagnosis, albeit nonspecific tests, include erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP).[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Macciò A, Madeddu C (2012). "Management of anemia of inflammation in the elderly". Anemia. 2012: 563251. doi:10.1155/2012/563251. PMC 3471391. PMID 23091709.
- ↑ Ganz T, Nemeth E (2009). "Iron sequestration and anemia of inflammation". Semin Hematol. 46 (4): 387–93. doi:10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.06.001. PMC 2755591. PMID 19786207.
- ↑ Borges ÁH, Weitz JI, Collins G, Baker JV, Lévy Y, Davey RT; et al. (2014). "Markers of inflammation and activation of coagulation are associated with anaemia in antiretroviral-treated HIV disease". AIDS. 28 (12): 1791–6. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000000344. PMC 4499102. PMID 25003720.