Pituitary apoplexy history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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{{Pituitary apoplexy}}
{{Pituitary apoplexy}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Akshun}}
[[Photophobia]]{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Akshun}}


==Symptoms==
==Symptoms==
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Symptoms usually include:
Symptoms usually include:


*Severe [[headache]]. It is generally the first symptom to appear (seen in 80% of patients).
*Severe [[headache]]. It is generally the first [[symptom]] to appear (seen in 80% of patients).
*Paralysis of the eye muscles ([[ophthalmoplegia]]), causing double vision (diplopia) . It can be due to intracavernous expansion of the tumor mass or a sudden increase in pressure in the pituitary region.<ref name="pmid10468988">{{cite journal| author=Randeva HS, Schoebel J, Byrne J, Esiri M, Adams CB, Wass JA| title=Classical pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome. | journal=Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) | year= 1999 | volume= 51 | issue= 2 | pages= 181-8 | pmid=10468988 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10468988  }} </ref>
*[[Paralysis]] of the eye [[Muscle|muscles]] ([[ophthalmoplegia]]), causing double vision ([[diplopia]]) . It can be due to [[intra]][[cavernous]] expansion of the [[tumor]] mass or a sudden increase in pressure in the [[pituitary]] region.<ref name="pmid10468988">{{cite journal| author=Randeva HS, Schoebel J, Byrne J, Esiri M, Adams CB, Wass JA| title=Classical pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome. | journal=Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) | year= 1999 | volume= 51 | issue= 2 | pages= 181-8 | pmid=10468988 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10468988  }} </ref>
*Visual disturbances from compression of surrounding structures (optic chiasm and optic tract).
*Visual disturbances from compression of surrounding structures ([[optic chiasm]] and [[optic tract]]).
*Extravasation of blood into subarachnoid space can lead to signs of meningeal irritation such as nausea, vomitting, photophobia and meningismus.
*[[Extravasation]] of blood into [[subarachnoid space]] can lead to signs of [[meningeal irritation]] such as nausea, [[vomitting]], [[photophobia]] and [[meningismus.]]
*Low [[blood pressure]], [[nausea]], and [[vomit]]ing from [[acute adrenal insufficiency]]
*Low [[blood pressure]], [[nausea]], and [[vomit]]ing from [[acute adrenal insufficiency]]


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*Failure of the [[uterus]] to contract as needed to give birth to a baby (in women)
*Failure of the [[uterus]] to contract as needed to give birth to a baby (in women)
*Failure to produce breast milk (in women)
*Failure to produce [[breast milk]] (in women)
*Uncontrolled urination
*Uncontrolled [[urination]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 19:12, 19 July 2017

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PhotophobiaEditor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]

Symptoms

Pituitary infarction usually has a short period of symptoms (acute), but it can be life-threatening.

Symptoms usually include:

Less commonly, pituitary dysfunction may appear more slowly. In Sheehan syndrome, for example, the first symptom may be a failure to produce milk caused by lack of the hormone prolactin.

Over time, problems with other pituitary hormones may develop, causing symptoms of the following conditions:

When the posterior pituitary is involved (rare), symptoms may include:

  • Failure of the uterus to contract as needed to give birth to a baby (in women)
  • Failure to produce breast milk (in women)
  • Uncontrolled urination

References

  1. Randeva HS, Schoebel J, Byrne J, Esiri M, Adams CB, Wass JA (1999). "Classical pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome". Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 51 (2): 181–8. PMID 10468988.

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