Pericarditis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
Pericarditis is inflammation of the [[pericardium]], the double-walled sac that contains the heart and the roots of the great vessels. There can be an accompanying accumulation of fluid that can be either [[serous]] (free flowing fluid) or fibrinous (an [[exudate]], which is a thick fluid composed of proteins, [[fibrin]] strands, inflammatory cells, cell breakdown products, and sometimes [[bacteria]]). Vascular congestion of the [[pericardium]] is also present. The underlying [[myocardium]] may or may not be inflammed as well. If the myocardium is involved in the [[inflammatory process]], then this is called myopericarditis, and the [[CK]] and [[troponin]] may be elevated.


==Classification==
==Classification==

Revision as of 15:24, 26 June 2011

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, the double-walled sac that contains the heart and the roots of the great vessels. There can be an accompanying accumulation of fluid that can be either serous (free flowing fluid) or fibrinous (an exudate, which is a thick fluid composed of proteins, fibrin strands, inflammatory cells, cell breakdown products, and sometimes bacteria). Vascular congestion of the pericardium is also present. The underlying myocardium may or may not be inflammed as well. If the myocardium is involved in the inflammatory process, then this is called myopericarditis, and the CK and troponin may be elevated.

Classification

Pericarditis can be classified according to the composition of the inflammatory exudate or the composition of the fluid that accumulates around the heart.

Types include:

Acute Versus Chronic Pericarditis

Depending on the timing of presentation and duration, pericarditis is divided into "acute" and "chronic" forms. Clinically, acute pericarditis presents within 6 weeks of the disease onset; subacute pericarditis presents within 6 weeks to 6 months of the disease onset; and chronic pericarditis manifests after 6 months of the disease onset.Acute pericarditis is more common than chronic pericarditis, and often occurs as a complication of viral infections, immunologic conditions, or as a result of a heart attack (myocardial infarction). Chronic pericarditis is less common, which may manifest as scarring of the pericardium a condition known as constrictive pericarditis.

Gross Pathology Images

Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology














Microscopic Pathology Images

Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology




  • <Youtube v=AKS7kSl4x5k/>


  • Acute fibrinous pericarditis

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