Lower gastrointestinal bleeding causes: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
Common causes of lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding include [[diverticulosis]], [[angiodysplasia]], [[ischemic colitis,]] [[colorectal cancer]], [[anorectal]] diseases, [[infectious colitis]] and [[inflammatory bowel disease]]. Less common causes of lower [[gastrointestinal tract]] include [[Colon polyps|colonic polyps]], [[radiation proctitis]], and [[rectal varices]].
 
OR
 
Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
 
OR
 
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].
 
OR
 
The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click [[Pericarditis causes#Overview|here]].
 
==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life-threatening Causes===
===Common causes===
*Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of [[disease name]], however complications resulting from untreated [[disease name]] is common.
Common causes of lower [[gastrointestinal]] bleeding inclue:<ref name="pmid21160643">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bresci G |title=Occult and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: Causes and diagnostic approach in 2009 |journal=World J Gastrointest Endosc |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=3–6 |year=2009 |pmid=21160643 |pmc=2999069 |doi=10.4253/wjge.v1.i1.3 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23737154">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ghassemi KA, Jensen DM |title=Lower GI bleeding: epidemiology and management |journal=Curr Gastroenterol Rep |volume=15 |issue=7 |pages=333 |year=2013 |pmid=23737154 |pmc=3857214 |doi=10.1007/s11894-013-0333-5 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6382833">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hillemeier C, Gryboski JD |title=Gastrointestinal bleeding in the pediatric patient |journal=Yale J Biol Med |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=135–47 |year=1984 |pmid=6382833 |pmc=2589822 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3872107">{{cite journal |vauthors=Clouse RE, Costigan DJ, Mills BA, Zuckerman GR |title=Angiodysplasia as a cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=145 |issue=3 |pages=458–61 |year=1985 |pmid=3872107 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20351759">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rockey DC |title=Occult and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: causes and clinical management |journal=Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=265–79 |year=2010 |pmid=20351759 |doi=10.1038/nrgastro.2010.42 |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlHematemesis, Melena, and Hematochezia - Clinical Methods - NCBI Bookshelf">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK411/ |title=Hematemesis, Melena, and Hematochezia - Clinical Methods - NCBI Bookshelf |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23997409">{{cite journal |vauthors=Navuluri R, Kang L, Patel J, Van Ha T |title=Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding |journal=Semin Intervent Radiol |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=178–86 |year=2012 |pmid=23997409 |pmc=3577586 |doi=10.1055/s-0032-1326926 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24267497">{{cite journal |vauthors=Feinman M, Haut ER |title=Lower gastrointestinal bleeding |journal=Surg. Clin. North Am. |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=55–63 |year=2014 |pmid=24267497 |doi=10.1016/j.suc.2013.10.005 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18346680">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zuccaro G |title=Epidemiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=225–32 |year=2008 |pmid=18346680 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2007.10.009 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23737154">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ghassemi KA, Jensen DM |title=Lower GI bleeding: epidemiology and management |journal=Curr Gastroenterol Rep |volume=15 |issue=7 |pages=333 |year=2013 |pmid=23737154 |pmc=3857214 |doi=10.1007/s11894-013-0333-5 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24829660">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zahmatkeshan M, Fallahzadeh E, Najib K, Geramizadeh B, Haghighat M, Imanieh MH |title=Etiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children:a single center experience from southern iran |journal=Middle East J Dig Dis |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=216–23 |year=2012 |pmid=24829660 |pmc=3990129 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
*[[Diverticulosis|Colonic diverticulosis]]
*[Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].
* [[Vascular ectasia of the colon|Vascular ectasias]] ([[Angiodysplasia|angiodysplasias]]/[[Angioectasia|angioectasias]])
* [[Iatrogenic]]
* [[Ischemic colitis]]
* [[Colorectal cancer|Colorectal malignancy]]
* [[Anorectal]] abnormalities
* [[Inflammatory bowel disease]] (IBD)
* [[Infectious colitis]]


===Common Causes===
===Less common causes===
[Disease name] may be caused by:
Less common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding include:
*[Cause1]
* [[Colon polyps|Colonic polyps]]
*[Cause2]
* [[Radiation proctitis]]
*[Cause3]
* [[Rectal varices]]
* [[Meckel's diverticulum|Meckel diverticulum]]
* [[Intussusception]]  
* [[Henoch-Schönlein purpura]] (HSP)


OR
*[Disease name] is caused by an infection with [pathogen name].
*[Pathogen name] is caused by [pathogen name].
===Less Common Causes===
Less common causes of [[disease name]] include:
*[Cause1]
*[Cause2]
*[Cause3]
===Genetic Causes===
*[Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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{{WH}}
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{{WS}}
[[Category: (name of the system)]]
[[Category: (name of the system)]]

Latest revision as of 22:52, 28 December 2017

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Common causes of lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding include diverticulosis, angiodysplasia, ischemic colitis, colorectal cancer, anorectal diseases, infectious colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Less common causes of lower gastrointestinal tract include colonic polyps, radiation proctitis, and rectal varices.

Causes

Common causes

Common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding inclue:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][2][10]

Less common causes

Less common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding include:

References

  1. ↑ Bresci G (2009). "Occult and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: Causes and diagnostic approach in 2009". World J Gastrointest Endosc. 1 (1): 3–6. doi:10.4253/wjge.v1.i1.3. PMC 2999069. PMID 21160643.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ghassemi KA, Jensen DM (2013). "Lower GI bleeding: epidemiology and management". Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 15 (7): 333. doi:10.1007/s11894-013-0333-5. PMC 3857214. PMID 23737154.
  3. ↑ Hillemeier C, Gryboski JD (1984). "Gastrointestinal bleeding in the pediatric patient". Yale J Biol Med. 57 (2): 135–47. PMC 2589822. PMID 6382833.
  4. ↑ Clouse RE, Costigan DJ, Mills BA, Zuckerman GR (1985). "Angiodysplasia as a cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding". Arch. Intern. Med. 145 (3): 458–61. PMID 3872107.
  5. ↑ Rockey DC (2010). "Occult and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: causes and clinical management". Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 7 (5): 265–79. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2010.42. PMID 20351759.
  6. ↑ "Hematemesis, Melena, and Hematochezia - Clinical Methods - NCBI Bookshelf".
  7. ↑ Navuluri R, Kang L, Patel J, Van Ha T (2012). "Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding". Semin Intervent Radiol. 29 (3): 178–86. doi:10.1055/s-0032-1326926. PMC 3577586. PMID 23997409.
  8. ↑ Feinman M, Haut ER (2014). "Lower gastrointestinal bleeding". Surg. Clin. North Am. 94 (1): 55–63. doi:10.1016/j.suc.2013.10.005. PMID 24267497.
  9. ↑ Zuccaro G (2008). "Epidemiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding". Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 22 (2): 225–32. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2007.10.009. PMID 18346680.
  10. ↑ Zahmatkeshan M, Fallahzadeh E, Najib K, Geramizadeh B, Haghighat M, Imanieh MH (2012). "Etiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children:a single center experience from southern iran". Middle East J Dig Dis. 4 (4): 216–23. PMC 3990129. PMID 24829660.

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