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==Overview==
==Overview==
The term hypoglycemia literally means "under-sweet blood" ([[Greek language|Gr.]] ''hypo-'', ''glykys'', ''haima'').
Hypoglycemia is a Greek word that means under-sweet [[blood]]. In 1922, hypoglycemia was first discovered by James Collip when he was working on purifying [[insulin]]. He injected [[insulin]] into a rabbit and realized a reduction in [[blood glucose]] levels. Collip injected of a large doses of [[insulin]] to the rabbit, that lead to [[coma]] and death of rabbit.
Hypoglycemia was first discovered by James Collip in 1922. Collip was tasked with developing an assay to measure the activity of insulin.
 
==Historical Perspective==
==Historical Perspective==
Hypoglycemia was first discovered by James Collip when he was working with Frederick Banting on purifying insulin in 1922. Collip was tasked with developing an assay to measure the activity of insulin. He first injected insulin into a rabbit, then measured the reduction in blood glucose levels. Measuring blood glucose was a time-consuming step. Collip observed that if he injected rabbits with a too large a dose of insulin, the rabbits began convulsing, went into a coma, and then died. This observation simplified his assay. He defined one unit of insulin as the amount necessary to induce this convulsing hypoglycemic reaction in a rabbit. Collip later found he could save money, and rabbits, by injecting them with glucose once they were convulsing.
* In 1869, Paul Langerhans was the first who discovered a collection of cells within the [[pancreas]]. He called it [[islets of Langerhans]].<ref name="pmid12446492">{{cite journal| author=Rosenfeld L| title=Insulin: discovery and controversy. | journal=Clin Chem | year= 2002 | volume= 48 | issue= 12 | pages= 2270-88 | pmid=12446492 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12446492  }}</ref>
* In 1901''',''' Eugene Opie was the first who discovered that destruction of [[Islet cell|islet cells]] results in [[diabetes mellitus]].
* In 1921,  Frederick Banting and Charles Best, orthopedic surgeons were the first who discovered [[insulin]] in the [[Pancreas|pancreatic]] extracts of dogs. With help of James B. Collip and J.J.R. Macleod, they developed [[insulin]] for human treatment. Nobel Prize was awarded to Banting and Macleod for this discovery.
* In 1922, hypoglycemia was first discovered by James Collip when he was working on purifying [[insulin]]. He injected [[insulin]] into a rabbit and realized the reduction in [[blood glucose]] levels. Collip discovered that injection of a large dose of [[insulin]], the rabbit got into a [[coma]] and died.
* Hypoglycemia is a Greek word means under-sweet [[blood]].


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 14:59, 18 October 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]

Overview

Hypoglycemia is a Greek word that means under-sweet blood. In 1922, hypoglycemia was first discovered by James Collip when he was working on purifying insulin. He injected insulin into a rabbit and realized a reduction in blood glucose levels. Collip injected of a large doses of insulin to the rabbit, that lead to coma and death of rabbit.

Historical Perspective

  • In 1869, Paul Langerhans was the first who discovered a collection of cells within the pancreas. He called it islets of Langerhans.[1]
  • In 1901, Eugene Opie was the first who discovered that destruction of islet cells results in diabetes mellitus.
  • In 1921, Frederick Banting and Charles Best, orthopedic surgeons were the first who discovered insulin in the pancreatic extracts of dogs. With help of James B. Collip and J.J.R. Macleod, they developed insulin for human treatment. Nobel Prize was awarded to Banting and Macleod for this discovery.
  • In 1922, hypoglycemia was first discovered by James Collip when he was working on purifying insulin. He injected insulin into a rabbit and realized the reduction in blood glucose levels. Collip discovered that injection of a large dose of insulin, the rabbit got into a coma and died.
  • Hypoglycemia is a Greek word means under-sweet blood.

References

  1. Rosenfeld L (2002). "Insulin: discovery and controversy". Clin Chem. 48 (12): 2270–88. PMID 12446492.