Hypoglycemia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
Overview
Patients with type 1 diabetes may suffer an average of two episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia per week, thousands of such episodes over a lifetime of diabetes, and one episode of severe symptoms per year. Hypoglycemia is less frequent in type 2 diabetes than it is in type1. Event rate for severe hypoglycemia range from 40 to 100 percent of those in type 1 diabetes. There is no racial or gender predilection of hypoglycemia.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence and prevalence
- Worldwide, the incidence of severe hypoglycemia event was 4800 per 100.000 patient per year and of moderate events was 13100 per 100.000 patient per year.[1][2]
- Rates of hypoglycemia were increased in children < 6 years of age.
- Patients with type 1 diabetes may have increased frequency of symptomatic hypoglycemia which may include one severe episode per year.
- Hypoglycemia is less frequent in type 2 diabetes than it is in type1.[3]
- Event rate (the proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus in whom the event is observed) for severe hypoglycemia in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes is approximately 30% of that in type 1.[4]
- Event rate for severe hypoglycemia ranges from 40 to 100 percent of patients with type 1 diabetes.[5]
- Frequency of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes is the same as type 1 diabetes, as insulin deficiency occurs at the end in DM type 2 and require aggressive treatment with insulin.[6]
- Hypoglycemia is uncommon in individuals who do not have drug-treated diabetes mellitus.[7]
Age
- Hypoglycemia commonly affects patients with type 2 diabetes. So, the risk of severe hypoglycemia is low in the first few years (7%) and that risk increases to 25% later in the course of diabetes according to the UK Hypoglycemia Study.[8]
Gender
- There is no gender predilection of hypoglycemia.
Race
- There is no racial predilection of hypoglycemia.
References
- ↑ UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group (2007). "Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration". Diabetologia. 50 (6): 1140–7. doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0599-y. PMID 17415551.
- ↑ Davis EA, Keating B, Byrne GC, Russell M, Jones TW (1997). "Hypoglycemia: incidence and clinical predictors in a large population-based sample of children and adolescents with IDDM". Diabetes Care. 20 (1): 22–5. PMID 9028688.
- ↑ Cryer PE (2008). "The barrier of hypoglycemia in diabetes". Diabetes. 57 (12): 3169–76. doi:10.2337/db08-1084. PMC 2584119. PMID 19033403.
- ↑ Donnelly LA, Morris AD, Frier BM, Ellis JD, Donnan PT, Durrant R; et al. (2005). "Frequency and predictors of hypoglycaemia in Type 1 and insulin-treated Type 2 diabetes: a population-based study". Diabet Med. 22 (6): 749–55. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01501.x. PMID 15910627.
- ↑ Leese GP, Wang J, Broomhall J, Kelly P, Marsden A, Morrison W; et al. (2003). "Frequency of severe hypoglycemia requiring emergency treatment in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a population-based study of health service resource use". Diabetes Care. 26 (4): 1176–80. PMID 12663593.
- ↑ Cryer PE (2008). "The barrier of hypoglycemia in diabetes". Diabetes. 57 (12): 3169–76. doi:10.2337/db08-1084. PMC 2584119. PMID 19033403.
- ↑ Service FJ (1999). "Classification of hypoglycemic disorders". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 28 (3): 501–17, vi. PMID 10500928.
- ↑ UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group (2007). "Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration". Diabetologia. 50 (6): 1140–7. doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0599-y. PMID 17415551.