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===Surgery===
===Surgery===
Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening condition and requires prompt [[intensive care]]. Surgery is indicated in patients with hemoptysis who are resistant to [[Therapeutic embolization|embolization]]. Interventional techniques are used to stop [[bleeding]] which include bronchial arterial [[Therapeutic embolization|embolization]], different [[Bronchoscopy|bronchoscopic]] strategies such as cold [[Saline (medicine)|saline]] lavage, topical [[vasoconstrictor]] agents, [[balloon tamponade]], endobronchial [[stent]] placement, endobronchial spigot, oxidized regenerated [[cellulose]], [[Cyanoacrylate|N-Butyl cyanoacrylate glue]], [[fibrinogen]][[thrombin]], [[tranexamic acid]], [[laser photocoagulation]], [[argon plasma coagulation]], and [[Cauterization|electrocautery]]. Surgical techniques that are used for management of hemoptysis include [[Pneumonectomy|pulmonary resection]], [[lobectomy]], and bilobectomy. Surgical techniques are definitely curative, effective for localized lesions. However, surgery has a [[mortality rate]] of 10-30%. Currently, bronchial arterial [[Therapeutic embolization|embolization]] considered as a first line therapy for both new and recurrent hemoptysis.


===Primary Prevention===
===Primary Prevention===

Revision as of 20:22, 26 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hereditary pancreatitis from Other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening condition and requires prompt intensive care. Surgery is indicated in patients with hemoptysis who are resistant to embolization. Interventional techniques are used to stop bleeding which include bronchial arterial embolization, different bronchoscopic strategies such as cold saline lavage, topical vasoconstrictor agents, balloon tamponade, endobronchial stent placement, endobronchial spigot, oxidized regenerated celluloseN-Butyl cyanoacrylate gluefibrinogenthrombintranexamic acidlaser photocoagulationargon plasma coagulation, and electrocautery. Surgical techniques that are used for management of hemoptysis include pulmonary resectionlobectomy, and bilobectomy. Surgical techniques are definitely curative, effective for localized lesions. However, surgery has a mortality rate of 10-30%. Currently, bronchial arterial embolization considered as a first line therapy for both new and recurrent hemoptysis.

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

References