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Revision as of 19:56, 14 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]

Overview

Classification

  • Hemoptysis may be classified into several subtypes based on:
    • Duration of symptoms
    • Severity
    • Origin of bleeding
  • Based on the duration of symptoms, hemoptysis may be classified as either acute or chronic.
  • Hemoptysis may be classified according to severity into 3 groups:[1][2][3][4][5]
Category Amount Percentage
Mild bleeding
Moderate bleeding
Massive bleeding 300-600 ml blood in 24 hours 5-15% of patients
  • Based on the origin of bleeding, hemoptysis may be classified into two groups:[6]
    • Pulmonary bleeding (in 90% of patients)
    • Extra-pulmonary bleeding

References

  1. Johnson JL (2002). "Manifestations of hemoptysis. How to manage minor, moderate, and massive bleeding". Postgrad Med. 112 (4): 101–6, 108–9, 113. PMID 12400152.
  2. Mal H, Thabut G, Plantier L (2003). "[Hemoptysis]". Rev Prat (in French). 53 (9): 975–9. PMID 12816036.
  3. Andersen PE (2006). "Imaging and interventional radiological treatment of hemoptysis". Acta Radiol. 47 (8): 780–92. doi:10.1080/02841850600827577. PMID 17018424.
  4. Sakr L, Dutau H (2010). "Massive hemoptysis: an update on the role of bronchoscopy in diagnosis and management". Respiration. 80 (1): 38–58. doi:10.1159/000274492. PMID 20090288.
  5. Lee MK, Kim SH, Yong SJ, Shin KC, Kim HS, Yu TS, Choi EH, Lee WY (2015). "Moderate hemoptysis: recurrent hemoptysis and mortality according to bronchial artery embolization". Clin Respir J. 9 (1): 53–64. doi:10.1111/crj.12104. PMID 24406077.
  6. Yoon W, Kim JK, Kim YH, Chung TW, Kang HK (2002). "Bronchial and nonbronchial systemic artery embolization for life-threatening hemoptysis: a comprehensive review". Radiographics. 22 (6): 1395–409. doi:10.1148/rg.226015180. PMID 12432111.