Gallbladder cancer screening
|
Gallbladder cancer Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Gallbladder cancer screening On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Gallbladder cancer screening |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Gallbladder cancer screening |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]
Overview
According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, gallbladder cancer may be diagnosed as an accidental finding in patients who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Screening
- According to the NCCN guidelines, screening for gallbladder cancer patients is recommended with endoscopic ultrasongraphy (EUS), computed tomography (CT) , magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with/without contrast and patients after incidental finding during laparoscopic cholecystectomy patient are recommmends considering staging laparoscopy.
Ultrasound
- when gallbladder pathology is suspected ultrasonography is most commonly the first choice for screening.
- Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound screening is 85% and 80%.
- A High-resolution contrast-enhanced ultrasonography identifies up to 70–90% of polypoid gallbladder lesions.[1]
- Gallbladder cancer on ultrasound have one of the following feartures[2]
- 1) A mass in the gallbladder
- 2) A polyp in the gallbladder
- 3) Asymmetric wall thickening of the gallbladder
- Polyps which are over 1 cm in diameter have higher chance to contain an invasive cancer than smaller ones.[3]
- With Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography gallbladder cancer shows an “eruption sign”[4]
Computer Tomography (CT)
- The most common non-invasive imaging studies for evaluating gallbladder cancer include CT.
- In diagnosis and staging of GBC CT scan is useful.
- Ct scan is helpful in detection of invasion to adjacent tissues like liver, lymphadenopathy and other organs
- Four patterns of gallbladder cancer have been described on CT scan
- In CT scan features of gallbladder cancer include[5]
- Polypoid mass within the gallbladder
- Thickening of the gallbladder wall
- A mass replacing the gallbladder
References
- ↑ Inui K, Yoshino J, Miyoshi H (2011). "Diagnosis of gallbladder tumors". Intern. Med. 50 (11): 1133–6. PMID 21628925.
- ↑ Kanthan R, Senger JL, Ahmed S, Kanthan SC (2015). "Gallbladder Cancer in the 21st Century". J Oncol. 2015: 967472. doi:10.1155/2015/967472. PMC 4569807. PMID 26421012.
- ↑ Wibbenmeyer LA, Sharafuddin MJ, Wolverson MK, Heiberg EV, Wade TP, Shields JB (1995). "Sonographic diagnosis of unsuspected gallbladder cancer: imaging findings in comparison with benign gallbladder conditions". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 165 (5): 1169–74. doi:10.2214/ajr.165.5.7572497. PMID 7572497.
- ↑ Vijayakumar A, Vijayakumar A, Patil V, Mallikarjuna MN, Shivaswamy BS (2013). "Early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma: an algorithm approach". ISRN Radiol. 2013: 239424. doi:10.5402/2013/239424. PMC 4045520. PMID 24959553.
- ↑ Deshmukh SD, Johnson PT, Sheth S, Hruban R, Fishman EK (2013). "CT of gallbladder cancer and its mimics: a pattern-based approach". Abdom Imaging. 38 (3): 527–36. doi:10.1007/s00261-012-9907-1. PMID 22581235.