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'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Cholestasis|here]]''' | '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Cholestasis|here]]''' | ||
{{Cholestasis (patient information)}} | |||
{{ | {{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editor-in-Chief:''' Meagan E. Doherty | ||
== | '''''Synonyms and Keywords:''''' Intrahepatic cholestasis; Extrahepatic cholestasis | ||
==Overview== | |||
Cholestasis is any condition in which the flow of [[bile]] from the [[liver]] is blocked. | Cholestasis is any condition in which the flow of [[bile]] from the [[liver]] is blocked. | ||
==What are the symptoms of Cholestasis?== | ==What are the symptoms of Cholestasis?== | ||
Symptoms of Cholestasis may include: | Symptoms of Cholestasis may include: | ||
* Clay-colored or white stools | *Clay-colored or white stools | ||
* Dark urine | *Dark urine | ||
* Inability to digest certain foods | *Inability to digest certain foods | ||
* Itching | *Itching | ||
* [[Nausea]] or [[vomiting]] | *[[Nausea]] or [[vomiting]] | ||
* Pain in the right upper part of the [[abdomen]] | *Pain in the right upper part of the [[abdomen]] | ||
* Yellow skin or eyes | *Yellow skin or eyes | ||
==What | ==What causes Cholestasis?== | ||
There are many causes of cholestasis. | There are many causes of cholestasis. | ||
Extrahepatic cholestasis occurs outside the liver. It can be caused by: | *Extrahepatic cholestasis occurs outside the liver. It can be caused by: | ||
* [[Bile duct tumors]] | :*[[Bile duct tumors]] | ||
* [[Cysts]] | :*[[Cysts]] | ||
* Narrowing of the [[bile duct]] ([[strictures]]) | :*Narrowing of the [[bile duct]] ([[strictures]]) | ||
* Stones in the [[common bile duct]] | :*Stones in the [[common bile duct]] | ||
* [[Pancreatitis]] | :*[[Pancreatitis]] | ||
* [[Pancreatic tumor]] or [[pseudocyst]] | :*[[Pancreatic tumor]] or [[pseudocyst]] | ||
* Pressure on an organ due to a nearby mass or tumor | :*Pressure on an organ due to a nearby mass or tumor | ||
* [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]] | :*[[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]] | ||
Intrahepatic cholestasis occurs inside the [[liver]]. It can be caused by: | *Intrahepatic cholestasis occurs inside the [[liver]]. It can be caused by: | ||
* [[Alcoholic liver disease]] | :*[[Alcoholic liver disease]] | ||
* [[Amyloidosis]] | :*[[Amyloidosis]] | ||
* [[Bacterial abscess]] in the liver | :*[[Bacterial abscess]] in the liver | ||
* Being fed through a vein (IV) | :*Being fed through a vein (IV) | ||
* [[Lymphoma]] | :*[[Lymphoma]] | ||
* [[ | :*[[Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy]] | ||
* [[Primary biliary cirrhosis]] | :*[[Primary biliary cirrhosis]] | ||
* [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]] | :*[[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]] | ||
* [[Sarcoidosis]] | :*[[Sarcoidosis]] | ||
* Serious infections that have spread through the bloodstream ([[sepsis]]) | :*Serious infections that have spread through the bloodstream ([[sepsis]]) | ||
* [[Tuberculosis]] | :*[[Tuberculosis]] | ||
* [[Viral hepatitis]] | :*[[Viral hepatitis]] | ||
* [[Sjogren syndrome]] | :*[[Sjogren syndrome]] | ||
Certain medications can also cause cholestasis. | *Certain medications can also cause cholestasis. | ||
== | ==When to seek urgent medical care?== | ||
Call your health care provider if you have: | |||
*Persistent itching | |||
*Yellow skin or eyes | |||
*Other symptoms of cholestasis | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
* | *Blood tests may show higher than normal levels of [[bilirubin]] and [[alkaline phosphatase]]. | ||
*Imaging tests are used to diagnose this condition. Tests include: | |||
:*[[CT scan]] of the abdomen | |||
* | :*[[MRI]] of the abdomen | ||
* | :*[[Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography]] (ERCP) (can also determine cause) | ||
* | :*[[Ultrasound]] of the abdomen | ||
==Treatment options== | ==Treatment options== | ||
The underlying cause of cholestasis must be treated. | |||
== | ==Where to find medical care for Cholestasis?== | ||
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Cholestasis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Cholestasis] | |||
[http://maps.google.com/maps? | |||
== | ==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?== | ||
*How well a person does depends on the disease causing the condition. Stones in the common bile duct usually can be removed, curing the cholestasis. | |||
== | *Stents can be placed to open areas of the common bile duct that are narrowed or blocked by cancers. | ||
==Possible complications== | |||
*Diarrhea | |||
*Organ failure can occur if sepsis develops | |||
*Poor absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins | |||
*Severe itching | |||
*Weak bones (osteomalacia) and osteoporosis (due to very long-term cholestasis) | |||
==Prevention== | |||
*Get vaccinated for hepatitis A and B if you are at risk. | |||
*Avoid intravenous drug use and needle sharing. | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000215.htm | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]] | |||
[[Category:Hepatology]] | |||
[[Category:Obstetrics]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Patient information]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 18:30, 28 February 2013
For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here
|
Cholestasis |
|
Cholestasis On the Web |
|---|
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-in-Chief: Meagan E. Doherty
Synonyms and Keywords: Intrahepatic cholestasis; Extrahepatic cholestasis
Overview
Cholestasis is any condition in which the flow of bile from the liver is blocked.
What are the symptoms of Cholestasis?
Symptoms of Cholestasis may include:
- Clay-colored or white stools
- Dark urine
- Inability to digest certain foods
- Itching
- Nausea or vomiting
- Pain in the right upper part of the abdomen
- Yellow skin or eyes
What causes Cholestasis?
There are many causes of cholestasis.
- Extrahepatic cholestasis occurs outside the liver. It can be caused by:
- Bile duct tumors
- Cysts
- Narrowing of the bile duct (strictures)
- Stones in the common bile duct
- Pancreatitis
- Pancreatic tumor or pseudocyst
- Pressure on an organ due to a nearby mass or tumor
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Intrahepatic cholestasis occurs inside the liver. It can be caused by:
- Alcoholic liver disease
- Amyloidosis
- Bacterial abscess in the liver
- Being fed through a vein (IV)
- Lymphoma
- Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
- Primary biliary cirrhosis
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Sarcoidosis
- Serious infections that have spread through the bloodstream (sepsis)
- Tuberculosis
- Viral hepatitis
- Sjogren syndrome
- Certain medications can also cause cholestasis.
When to seek urgent medical care?
Call your health care provider if you have:
- Persistent itching
- Yellow skin or eyes
- Other symptoms of cholestasis
Diagnosis
- Blood tests may show higher than normal levels of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase.
- Imaging tests are used to diagnose this condition. Tests include:
- CT scan of the abdomen
- MRI of the abdomen
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (can also determine cause)
- Ultrasound of the abdomen
Treatment options
The underlying cause of cholestasis must be treated.
Where to find medical care for Cholestasis?
Directions to Hospitals Treating Cholestasis
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
- How well a person does depends on the disease causing the condition. Stones in the common bile duct usually can be removed, curing the cholestasis.
- Stents can be placed to open areas of the common bile duct that are narrowed or blocked by cancers.
Possible complications
- Diarrhea
- Organ failure can occur if sepsis develops
- Poor absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins
- Severe itching
- Weak bones (osteomalacia) and osteoporosis (due to very long-term cholestasis)
Prevention
- Get vaccinated for hepatitis A and B if you are at risk.
- Avoid intravenous drug use and needle sharing.