Burkitt's lymphoma classification: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AS}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AS}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Burkitt's lymphoma may be classified according to the [[World Health Organization]] ([[WHO]]) classification into 3 clinical variants. The clinical variants are endemic Burkitt's lymphoma, sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma, and immunodeficiency-associated Burkitt's lymphoma. | |||
==Classification== | |||
Burkitt's lymphoma may be classified according to WHO classification into 3 clinical variants: | |||
* Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma <ref name="pmid9454768">{{cite journal| author=Tao Q, Robertson KD, Manns A, Hildesheim A, Ambinder RF| title=Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in endemic Burkitt's lymphoma: molecular analysis of primary tumor tissue. | journal=Blood | year= 1998 | volume= 91 | issue= 4 | pages= 1373-81 | pmid=9454768 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9454768 }} </ref> | |||
* Sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma<ref name="pmid30042102">{{cite journal| author=Ng JY, Thompson RJ, Lam A, Nigam S| title=Sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma masquerading as an intussuscepted Meckel's diverticulum in a 9-year-old child. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2018 | volume= 2018 | issue= | pages= | pmid=30042102 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2018-224333 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30042102 }} </ref> | |||
* Immunodeficiency-associated Burkitt's lymphoma<ref name="pmid28506687">{{cite journal| author=Linke-Serinsöz E, Fend F, Quintanilla-Martinez L| title=Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) related lymphomas, pathology view point. | journal=Semin Diagn Pathol | year= 2017 | volume= 34 | issue= 4 | pages= 352-363 | pmid=28506687 | doi=10.1053/j.semdp.2017.04.003 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28506687 }} </ref> | |||
It is almost impossible to differentiate these three clinical variants based on histology (i.e. microscopic appearance) or [[immunophenotype]]. | |||
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|+ '''Classification Based on The Geographic Distribution and Clinical Presentation''' | |||
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| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | '''Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma''' | | style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | '''Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma''' | ||
(African Burkitt's lymphoma) | (African Burkitt's lymphoma) | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
* The | *The endemic form always presents as a jaw or [[facial bone]] [[tumor]] | ||
* | *Primary involvement of the [[abdomen]] is not very common | ||
* | *The primary tumor can disseminate to the extranodal sites such as the [[mesentery]], [[ovary]], [[Testicle|testis]], [[Kidney CA|kidney]], [[breast]], and [[meninges]] | ||
*Peripheral [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]], [[mediastinum]], and [[spleen]] involvement are uncommon | |||
*[[Bone marrow]] involvement is noted in less than 10 percent of patients at the time of initial diagnosis but is a common complication of treatment-resistant disease. | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | '''Sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma''' | | style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | '''Sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma''' | ||
(Non-African or Non-endemic Burkitt's lymphoma) | (Non-African or Non-endemic Burkitt's lymphoma) | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
* The most common type of Burkitt's lymphoma in North America and | * The most common type of Burkitt's lymphoma in North America and Europe | ||
* Sometimes associated with the [[Epstein-Barr virus]], but in many cases this virus is not present | * Sometimes associated with the [[Epstein-Barr virus]], but in many cases this virus is not present | ||
* [[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]], which includes Burkitt's, accounts for 30-50% of childhood lymphoma | * [[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]], which includes Burkitt's, accounts for 30-50% of childhood [[lymphoma]] | ||
* | *This form usually has an abdominal presentation, most often with massive dissemination and [[ascites]]; the distal [[ileum]], [[stomach]] , [[cecum]] and/or mesentery, kidney, testis, ovary, breast, bone marrow, or [[Central nervous system|central nervous system (CNS)]] are involved | ||
*Presenting symptoms can be those that are like [[bowel obstruction]] or [[gastrointestinal bleeding]], often disguised as [[Appendicitis|acute appendicitis]] or [[intussusception]] | |||
* | *Almost 25 percent of cases will have presentation of the disease in the [[jaw]] or [[facial bones]] | ||
* | *[[Lymphadenopathy]], is generally localized | ||
*Bone marrow and CNS involvement occurs in about 30 and 15 percent of cases, respectively, but are likely complications of recurrent or treatment resistant disease | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | '''Immunodeficiency-associated Burkitt's lymphoma''' | | style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | '''Immunodeficiency-associated Burkitt's lymphoma''' | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
* | *The presentation of patients with immunodeficiency-related Burkitt's lymphoma is often accompanied by signs or symptoms related to the underlying immunodeficiency which can be the following: | ||
* | **[[HIV AIDS|AIDS]] | ||
* | **[[Primary immunodeficiency|Congenital immunodeficiency]] | ||
**Acquired immunodeficiency due to bone marrow or solid [[Organ transplant|organ transplantation]] | |||
*Immunodeficiency-related cases frequently often involve [[lymph nodes]], [[bone marrow]], and [[CNS]] | |||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{Chromosomal abnormalities}} | {{Chromosomal abnormalities}} | ||
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[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
[[Category:Types of cancer]] | [[Category:Types of cancer]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Oncology]] | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Hematology]] | |||
[[Category:Immunology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 04:44, 18 January 2019
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Burkitt's lymphoma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Burkitt's lymphoma classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Burkitt's lymphoma classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Burkitt's lymphoma classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sowminya Arikapudi, M.B,B.S. [2]
Overview
Burkitt's lymphoma may be classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification into 3 clinical variants. The clinical variants are endemic Burkitt's lymphoma, sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma, and immunodeficiency-associated Burkitt's lymphoma.
Classification
Burkitt's lymphoma may be classified according to WHO classification into 3 clinical variants:
- Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma [1]
- Sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma[2]
- Immunodeficiency-associated Burkitt's lymphoma[3]
It is almost impossible to differentiate these three clinical variants based on histology (i.e. microscopic appearance) or immunophenotype.
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma
(African Burkitt's lymphoma) |
|
| Sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma
(Non-African or Non-endemic Burkitt's lymphoma) |
|
| Immunodeficiency-associated Burkitt's lymphoma |
|
References
- ↑ Tao Q, Robertson KD, Manns A, Hildesheim A, Ambinder RF (1998). "Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in endemic Burkitt's lymphoma: molecular analysis of primary tumor tissue". Blood. 91 (4): 1373–81. PMID 9454768.
- ↑ Ng JY, Thompson RJ, Lam A, Nigam S (2018). "Sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma masquerading as an intussuscepted Meckel's diverticulum in a 9-year-old child". BMJ Case Rep. 2018. doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-224333. PMID 30042102.
- ↑ Linke-Serinsöz E, Fend F, Quintanilla-Martinez L (2017). "Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) related lymphomas, pathology view point". Semin Diagn Pathol. 34 (4): 352–363. doi:10.1053/j.semdp.2017.04.003. PMID 28506687.